{"id":160,"date":"2014-11-16T06:45:45","date_gmt":"2014-11-16T06:45:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/chapter\/section-5-4-strengths-and-weaknesses-of-moocs\/"},"modified":"2023-05-11T10:51:49","modified_gmt":"2023-05-11T10:51:49","slug":"section-5-4-strengths-and-weaknesses-of-moocs","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/chapter\/section-5-4-strengths-and-weaknesses-of-moocs\/","title":{"raw":"5.4 MOOCs \u306e\u9577\u6240\u3068\u77ed\u6240","rendered":"5.4 MOOCs \u306e\u9577\u6240\u3068\u77ed\u6240"},"content":{"raw":"<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5fb9\u5e95\u3057\u305f\u5206\u6790\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u5b66\u5185\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066 MOOCs \u306f\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u53b3\u5bc6\u3055\u306e\u70b9\u3067\u4e0a\u56de\u308a\u3001\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306a\u6559\u6388\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\">Benton R. Groves\uff08\u535a\u58eb\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u751f\uff09<\/p>\n\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">xMOOCs \u306b\u611f\u3058\u308b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u61f8\u5ff5\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u4e16\u754c\u3067\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u77e5\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u7fd2\u5f97\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u3067\u306f\u3053\u308c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9032\u3081\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\">Tony Bates<\/p>\n\n<h1>5.4.1 MOOCs \u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76<\/h1>\n\u672c\u7a3f\u57f7\u7b46\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e MOOCs \u306f\u8a95\u751f\u304b\u3089\uff14\u5e74\u672a\u6e80\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001MOOCs \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u7aef\u7dd2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u305f\u3070\u304b\u308a\u3067\u3001\u520a\u884c\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u306e MOOCs \u7814\u7a76\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306f MOOCs \u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u81ea\u8eab\u304c\u884c\u306a\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5165\u5b66\u3084\u5c65\u4fee\u767b\u9332\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5831\u544a\u304b\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u81ea\u8eab\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u5df1\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002Coursera \u3084 Udacity \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5546\u7528\u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u4f01\u696d\u306f\u83ab\u5927\u306a\u30d3\u30c3\u30b0\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6240\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u3057\u304b\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u306e\u304c\u6b8b\u5ff5\u3067\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f edX \u304c\u8a2d\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u969b\u306b\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8\u30ca\u30fc\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f MIT \u3068\u30cf\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u884c\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u73fe\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u306f xMOOC\u3001cMOOC \u306e\u3069\u3061\u3089\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u3054\u304f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\n\u3057\u304b\u3057\u79c1\u306f\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067 MOOCs \u306e\u5f37\u307f\u3068\u5f31\u307f\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u5bdf\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u9650\u308a\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u304c\u306f\u3063\u304d\u308a\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3079\u304d\u306f\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u8b70\u8ad6\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b MOOCs \u3068\u3044\u3046\u73fe\u8c61\u304c\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u306a\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u8a55\u4fa1\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u78ba\u304b\u306a\u8ad6\u62e0\u304c\u84c4\u7a4d\u3055\u308c\u308b\u307e\u3067\u3001\u3057\u3070\u3089\u304f\u5f85\u305f\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\n\u3053\u3053\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3079\u304d\u3082\u3046\uff11\u3064\u306e\u8ad6\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u79c1\u304c MOOCs \u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u7528\u3044\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u304c\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5b66\u3073\u306b\u7e4b\u304c\u308a\u3046\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u66f8\u304d\u6dfb\u3048\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u308c\u3070\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/part\/chapter-1-fundamental-change-in-education\/\">\u7b2c\uff11\u7ae0<\/a>\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305f\u77e5\u8b58\u3084\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u7fd2\u5f97\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3064\u306e\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\n<h1>5.4.2 \u5e83\u304f\u958b\u653e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7121\u6599\u306e\u6559\u80b2<\/h1>\nMOOCs\u3001\u4e2d\u3067\u3082 xMOOCs \u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u8ab0\u306b\u3067\u3082\u7121\u6599\u3067\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u9ad8\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u304b\u3089\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u7d20\u6674\u3089\u3057\u304f\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u3042\u308b\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067 MOOCs \u306f\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u3078\u306e\u6709\u76ca\u306a\u5e83\u304c\u308a\u3060\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u8ab0\u304c\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u306b\u7570\u8ad6\u3092\u5531\u3048\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u3082\u3061\u308d\u3093\u79c1\u306f\u305d\u3093\u306a\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3057\u3001MOOCs \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u3055\u3089\u306b\u9032\u3081\u3088\u3046\u3068\u306f\u601d\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\n\n\u3057\u304b\u3057 MOOCs \u306f\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u89e3\u653e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7121\u6599\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u5f62\u614b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u914d\u4fe1\u307b\u3069\u306e\u529b\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3057\u3001\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3082\u9650\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\u3001\u56f3\u66f8\u9928\u306e\u66f8\u7c4d\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u5e83\u304f\u516c\u958b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7121\u6599\u306e\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u653e\u9001\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u3082\u7121\u6599\u3067\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8cbb\u7528\u306e\u304b\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u521d\u671f\u306e\u3042\u308a\u65b9\u304b\u3089\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u4eca\u306a\u304a MOOCs \u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5b66\u3079\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\n\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u5f62\u614b\u306f\u3001\u516c\u7684\u306a\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3092\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3092\u88dc\u5f37\u3057\u3001\u5f37\u5316\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u66f8\u7c4d\u3001\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u756a\u7d44\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089 MOOCs \u3082\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u512a\u308c\u305f\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u3042\u308b\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u7d99\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6c17\u697d\u306b\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3048\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u898b\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001MOOCs \u306f\u4eba\u3005\u304c\u5341\u5206\u306b\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u3053\u305d\u6700\u5927\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u767a\u63ee\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n\u554f\u984c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u304c\u5229\u7528\u8005\u306b\u958b\u653e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7121\u6599\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u624b\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7279\u306b\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u3067\u306f\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u62bc\u3057\u4e0b\u3052\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3084\u3001\u9700\u8981\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u6d88\u3057\u53bb\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u6642\u3067\u3059\u3002\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/chapter\/section-5-2-what-is-a-mooc\/\">5.2\u7bc0<\/a>\u306e Friedman \u306e\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\uff09\n\n\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u3067\u306f\u5730\u4e0a\u653e\u9001\u3084\u885b\u661f\u653e\u9001\u3092\u901a\u3058\u305f\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u63d0\u4f9b\u306e\u8a66\u307f\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff08Bates, 1985\uff09\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u5168\u3066\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u7406\u7531\u3067\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u5897\u5927\u3084\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u524a\u6e1b\u306b\u5931\u6557\u3057\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u554f\u984c\u70b9\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u5730\u4e0a\u8a2d\u5099\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u9ad8\u984d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002\uff08\u76d7\u96e3\u3084\u640d\u50b7\u3078\u306e\u5099\u3048\u3092\u542b\u3080\uff09<\/li>\n \t<li>\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5730\u57df\u3067\u306e\u63f4\u52a9\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3068\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u5730\u57df\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u300c\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u306a\u308b\u300d\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u9ad8\u984d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>\u6559\u80b2\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u56fd\u3005\u306e\u6587\u5316\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>\u7279\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3001\u5b66\u4f4d\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5730\u57df\u3067\u306e\u8a8d\u5b9a\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u308b\u7ba1\u7406\u3084\u904b\u55b6\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u904b\u7528\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u8ca0\u62c5\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u81ea\u4f53\u306e\u56f0\u96e3\u3055\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u307e\u305f\u3001\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u306b\u4e00\u756a\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u6559\u6388\u306b\u3088\u308b\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u9ad8\u6821\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u6388\u696d\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u3067\u3082\u643a\u5e2f\u96fb\u8a71\u306f\u5e83\u304f\u666e\u53ca\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u5e2f\u57df\u5e45\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u72ed\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 YouTube \u306e\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u52d5\u753b\u3092\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b2\u7c73\u30c9\u30eb\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u4eba\u306e\uff11\u65e5\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u6240\u5f97\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\u52d5\u753b\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8b1b\u7fa9\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u304b\u3068\u5c0b\u306d\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3089\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u3060\u3068\u3057\u304b\u8a00\u3044\u3088\u3046\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\n\nMOOCs \u306f\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u3067\u306f\u7121\u76ca\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3080\u3057\u308d\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u304c\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u70b9\u3067\u3059\u3002\n<ul>\n \t<li>MOOCs \u304c\u4e16\u9593\u306e\u671f\u5f85\u306b\u5fdc\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u3084\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8\u30ca\u30fc\u3068\u5354\u529b\u3057\u5408\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>\u305f\u3068\u3048\u304a\u91d1\u304c\u304b\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5730\u57df\u3067\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u63f4\u52a9\u3092\u304d\u3061\u3093\u3068\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>MOOCs \u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u30fb\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u30fb\u914d\u4fe1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u308b\u56fd\u3005\u306e\u6587\u5316\u7684\u30fb\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u8981\u4ef6\u306b\u9806\u5fdc\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3067\u3001\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u6559\u80b2\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306f MOOCs \u304c\u5e38\u306b\u958b\u653e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 Coursera \u3084 Udacity \u3067\u306f\u8a31\u8afe\u306a\u3057\u3067\u306e\u6559\u6750\u306e\u518d\u5229\u7528\u306b\u5236\u9650\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002edX \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u958b\u653e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u500b\u4eba\u3084\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u3054\u3068\u306b\u6559\u6750\u306e\u518d\u5229\u7528\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e MOOCs \u306f\uff11\u301c\uff12\u5e74\u9593\u3060\u3051\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u6d88\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081 MOOCs \u4e0a\u306e\u6559\u6750\u3092\u5225\u306e\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u3084\u5225\u306e\u5c02\u653b\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u4e0a\u3067\u518d\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u3001MOOCs \u306e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u306b\u306f\u7121\u6599\u3067\u53c2\u52a0\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001MOOCs \u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u5074\u306b\u306f\u76f8\u5f53\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u70b9\u306f 5.4.8 \u3067\u3055\u3089\u306b\u6398\u308a\u4e0b\u3052\u3066\u8ad6\u3058\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<h1>5.4.3 MOOCs \u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u5229\u7528\u8005<\/h1>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2381263\">Ho et al. (2014) \u306e\u5831\u544a<\/a>\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30cf\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u3068 MIT \u306e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3089\u306f edX \u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u305f17\u306e MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3001\u5168\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306e66\uff05\u3001\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u3092\u5f97\u305f\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306e74\uff05\u304c\u5b66\u58eb\u53f7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u6709\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u300171\uff05\u306f\u7537\u6027\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u5e74\u9f62\u306f26\u6b73\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5831\u544a\u3068\u4ed6\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306e\u304b\u306a\u308a\u306e\u5272\u5408\uff0840\u301c60\uff05\uff09\u306f\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u56fd\u5916\u304b\u3089\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u306a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u3078\u306e\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30fb\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u306b\u5f37\u3044\u95a2\u5fc3\u304c\u5bc4\u305b\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\n\n\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30ba\u30fb\u30ab\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3089\u3067\u3042\u308b\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/files.eric.ed.gov\/fulltext\/ED547237.pdf\">Hollands and Tirthali (2014) \u306e\u5831\u544a<\/a>\u306f\u300cMOOC \u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u6d3b\u767a\u300d\u306a62\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b80\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<blockquote>MOOC \u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u306f\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u306e\u4f55\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u3082\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u4f1a\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 MOOC \u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u3001\u65e2\u306b\u5341\u5206\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u305f\u308a\u3001\u88ab\u96c7\u7528\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u96c6\u4e2d\u3057\u3066\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3081\u308b\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u3054\u304f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u6307\u3057\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e MOOCs \u306f\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u300c\u5e73\u6c11\u7684\u306a\u3082\u306e\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u96e3\u304f\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3078\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u306e\u683c\u5dee\u306f\u89e3\u6d88\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u3080\u3057\u308d\u73fe\u72b6\u3067\u306f\u62e1\u5927\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/blockquote>\nMOOCs \u3078\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u4eba\u3005\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u304c\u884c\u3046\u7d99\u7d9a\u7684\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u591a\u304f\u3068\u5171\u901a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u9ad8\u3044\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u3042\u308b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u5e74\u9f62\u306e\u3001\u96c7\u7528\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5c64\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\n<h1>5.4.4 \u6301\u7d9a\u3068\u95a2\u4e0e<\/h1>\nedX \u306e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3089 (Ho et al., 2014) \u306f edX \u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b17\u306e MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u306e\u95a2\u4e0e\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5831\u544a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<ul>\n \t<li><strong>\u767b\u9332\u306e\u307f\uff1a<\/strong>\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u4e00\u5ea6\u3082\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u767b\u9332\u8005\uff0835\uff05\uff09<\/li>\n \t<li><strong>\u95b2\u89a7\u306e\u307f\uff1a<\/strong>\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u4fee\u4e86\u305b\u305a\u3001\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\u306e\u534a\u5206\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u95b2\u89a7\u3057\u305f\u3060\u3051\u306e\u767b\u9332\u8005\uff0856\uff05\uff09<\/li>\n \t<li><strong>\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u307f\uff1a<\/strong>\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\u306e\u3046\u3061\u534a\u5206\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u306b\u306f\u5c4a\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u767b\u9332\u8005\uff08\uff14\uff05\uff09<\/li>\n \t<li><strong>\u4fee\u4e86\uff1a<\/strong>\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u3092\u624b\u306b\u5165\u308c\u305f\u767b\u9332\u8005\uff08\uff15\uff05\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nHill (2013) \u306f Coursera \u306e\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u3092\u6b21\u306e\uff15\u3064\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"26\"><\/a>\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_157\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1024\"]<img class=\"wp-image-157 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/Hills-MOOC-participants-2-1024x751.jpg\" alt=\"\u56f35.4.4.1 Coursera\u8b1b\u5ea7\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\uff08\u00a9 Phil Hill, 2013\uff09\" width=\"1024\" height=\"751\"> \u56f35.4.4.1 Coursera \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a MOOCs \u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u51fa\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\uff08\u00a9 Phil Hill, 2013\uff09[\/caption]\n\n<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"13\"><\/a>\n\nEngle (2014) \u306f Cousera \u4e0a\u3067\u958b\u8b1b\u3057\u305f\u30d6\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u306e MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u3082\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u985e\u4f3c\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u4ed6\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u3082\u540c\u7a2e\u306e\u5831\u544a\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u767b\u9332\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3001\uff13\u5206\u306e\uff11\u304b\u3089\u534a\u6570\u306f\u4f55\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u3082\u884c\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\uff11\u3064\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3001\uff15\u301c10\uff05\u306e\u4eba\u306f\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u306e\u53d6\u5f97\u306b\u6210\u529f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u901a\u5e38\u3001\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u4eba\u306f\u767b\u9332\u8005\u306e\uff15\u301c10\uff05\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001MOOC \u306b\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u4e00\u5ea6\u306f\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u306e10\u301c20\uff05\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u6570\u306f\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306b\u5927\u304d\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002edX \u3067\u306f17\u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306743,000\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u30d6\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u306f\uff14\u3064\u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u30678,000\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\uff11\u3064\u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u306f2,000\u301c2,500\u4eba\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n<a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.merlot.org\/vol9no2\/milligan_0613.htm\">Milligan et al. (2013)<\/a>\u00a0\u306f 2,300\u4eba\u306e\u767b\u9332\u8005\u306e\u3046\u3061 cMOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u534a\u5206\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3092\u7d42\u3048\u305f29\u4eba\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3092\u884c\u306a\u3063\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3001cMOOCs \u306b\u3082\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u985e\u4f3c\u306e\u95a2\u4e0e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5831\u544a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u53d7\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\uff1aMilligan \u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f MOOC \u3067\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u81ea\u4fe1\u3092\u5931\u3063\u3066\u3001\u3054\u304f\u307e\u308c\u306b\u3057\u304b\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3057\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u4eba\u3005\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>\u898b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051\u306e\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\uff1a\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u306f\u53c2\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u8ab2\u984c\u306b\u306f\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u3005\u3002\uff08\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306e\u7d04\u534a\u6570\uff09<\/li>\n \t<li>\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306a\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\uff1a\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u306b\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u3005\u3002\uff08\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306e\u7d04\u534a\u6570\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nMOOCs \u306f\u305d\u308c\u304c\u3069\u3046\u3044\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u5be9\u67fb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u4ed6\u306b\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u305b\u305a\u3001\u6709\u76ca\u306a\u3001\u516c\u7684\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u516c\u7684\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\uff08\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u30d2\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30fb\u30c1\u30e3\u30f3\u30cd\u30eb\uff09\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u3068\u3066\u3082\u3088\u304f\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8996\u8074\u8005\u306b\u30d2\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30fb\u30c1\u30e3\u30f3\u30cd\u30eb\u3067\u653e\u9001\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5168\u3066\u306e\u30a8\u30d4\u30bd\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u898b\u305b\u3001\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u8a66\u9a13\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3092\u671f\u5f85\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u306f\u8ab0\u3082\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002Ho et al. (p.13) \u306f xMOOCs \u3078\u306e\u95a2\u4e0e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3092\u6b21\u306e\u56f3\u3067\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<h2><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"26\"><\/a><\/h2>\n&nbsp;\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_157\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"457\"]<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/10\/edX-participants-2.jpg\"><img class=\" wp-image-158\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/edX-participants-2.jpg\" alt=\"Ho et al., 2014\" width=\"457\" height=\"587\"><\/a> \u56f35.4.4.2 MOOC \u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306e\u95a2\u4e0e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff08\u00a9\u00a0Ho et al., 2014\uff09[\/caption]\n<h2><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"13\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\u3053\u3053\u3067\u30011985\u5e74\u306b\u79c1\u304c\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u306e\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u4e00\u7bc0\u3092\u5f15\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059 (Bates, 1985)\u3002\n<blockquote>(p.99) \u30bf\u30de\u30cd\u30ae\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u306b\u6838\u3092\u306a\u3059\u3001\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306a\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u304c\u8b1b\u5ea7\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u771f\u5263\u306b\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u3001\u53d7\u9a13\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5834\u6240\u3067\u6700\u7d42\u8a55\u4fa1\u3084\u8a66\u9a13\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u6838\u306e\u5468\u56f2\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3044\u304f\u3076\u3093\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5c64\u3092\u306a\u3059\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u304c\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8a66\u9a13\u306f\u53d7\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u306e\u5730\u5143\u3067\u958b\u8b1b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6388\u696d\u3084\u901a\u4fe1\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u306f\u767b\u9332\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u3088\u308a\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u5c64\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u653e\u9001\u3092\u8996\u8074\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u4ed8\u5c5e\u306e\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u3092\u8cb7\u3044\u3082\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u6388\u696d\u306b\u306f\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6700\u3082\u5927\u304d\u306a\u96c6\u56e3\u306f\u5358\u306b\u653e\u9001\u3092\u8996\u8074\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u3053\u306e\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3055\u3048\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u4eba\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002\u307b\u307c\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u306b\u756a\u7d44\u3092\u8996\u8074\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u304b\u3089\u3001\uff08\u307e\u305f\u3082\u3084\u3053\u306e\u4eba\u6570\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u591a\u3044\u306e\u3060\u304c\uff09\u756a\u7d44\u3092\uff11\u56de\u3060\u3051\u8996\u8074\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u307e\u3067\u3002<\/blockquote>\n\u3055\u3089\u306b\u79c1\u306f\u3053\u3046\u3082\u66f8\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f (p. 100)\u3002\n<blockquote>\u7591\u3044\u6df1\u3044\u4eba\u306f\u3053\u3046\u8a00\u3046\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306b\u5b66\u3076\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u3001\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u52e4\u52c9\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u307f\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u8a66\u9a13\u3067\u512a\u7b49\u306a\u6210\u7e3e\u3092\u4fee\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3054\u304f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306a\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3068\u3002\uff08\u4e2d\u7565\uff09\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u53cd\u8ad6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u3082\u3057\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u305d\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u95a2\u5fc3\u3092\u5bc4\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3059\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u8208\u5473\u3092\u3082\u305f\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\u306f\u6210\u529f\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u6559\u6750\u306b\u89e6\u308c\u305f\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u6570\u306a\u306e\u3060\u3001\u3068\u3002\uff08\u4e2d\u7565\uff09\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3053\u3053\u3067\u554f\u3046\u3079\u304d\u306f\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\u304c\u3001\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u305d\u308c\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u8208\u5473\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306b\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u65bd\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u65e2\u306b\u5341\u5206\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306b\u5225\u306e\u6a5f\u4f1a\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u305f\u3060\u3051\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3060\u3002\uff08\u4e2d\u7565\uff09\u516c\u7684\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u6069\u6075\u3092\u6700\u5927\u9650\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u826f\u3044\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u3084\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u591a\u304f\u306e\u8a3c\u62e0\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/blockquote>\n\u5168\u304f\u540c\u3058\u3053\u3068\u304c MOOCs \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u77e5\u8b58\u57fa\u76e4\u578b\u7523\u696d\u3067\u50cd\u304f\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u6b20\u304b\u305b\u306a\u3044\u306e\u306f\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u77e5\u8b58\u306b\u7c21\u5358\u304b\u3064\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3001MOOCs \u306f\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8cb4\u91cd\u306a\u624b\u6bb5\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3053\u3053\u3067\u8ad6\u3058\u308b\u3079\u304d\u306f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306b\u540c\u3058\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u3001\u516c\u7684\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u306e\u7d99\u7d9a\u6027\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3001MOOCs \u306f\u6709\u76ca\u306a\u8ca2\u732e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u771f\u306b\u9769\u65b0\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u304c\u305f\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\n<h1>5.4.5 \u5b66\u751f\u306f MOOCs \u3067\u4f55\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u306e\u304b<\/h1>\n\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u306f\u7b54\u3048\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u8cea\u554f\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u3082\u30012014\u5e74\u73fe\u5728\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7591\u554f\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u3042\u307e\u308a\u306b\u3082\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7406\u7531\u306e\uff11\u3064\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u898b\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001MOOCs \u3067\u306e\u5b66\u3073\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b8b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\uff12\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b66\u3073\u306e\u91cf\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u91cf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3068\u3001MOOCs \u5185\u3067\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u5b9f\u4f53\u9a13\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5b66\u3073\u3092\u5f97\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3092\u63a2\u308b\u8cea\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\n\u672c\u7a3f\u57f7\u7b46\u6642\u70b9\u3067 MOOCs \u306b\u3088\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u91cf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u6700\u3082\u76ee\u3092\u898b\u5f35\u308b\u3079\u304d\u306f\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.irrodl.org\/index.php\/irrodl\/article\/view\/1902\/3009\">Colvin et al. (2014)<\/a> \u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f MIT \u306e\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5165\u9580\u306e MOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u306e\u300c\u6982\u5ff5\u5b66\u7fd2\u300d\u304c\u8abf\u67fb\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u306e\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u5b9f\u7e3e\u3092\u3001\u7269\u7406\u3084\u6570\u5b66\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u4eba\u3005\u3068\u3001\u65e2\u306b\u5341\u5206\u306a\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7269\u7406\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4eba\u3005\u3068\u306e\u9593\u3067\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5f93\u6765\u578b\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u5185\u6388\u696d\u3067\u540c\u3058\u30ab\u30ea\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u53d7\u8b1b\u3057\u305f\u5b66\u751f\u305f\u3061\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u5b9f\u7e3e\u3068\u3082\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u3069\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306e\u9593\u3067\u3082\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u7fd2\u91cf\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u9055\u3044\u306f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5b66\u5185\u3067\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u5b66\u751f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u3001\u524d\u306e\u5b66\u671f\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3092\u4fee\u4e86\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u518d\u5c65\u4fee\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b66\u751f\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u304f\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\n\n\u3053\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u306f\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6bd4\u8f03\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u307b\u3069\u5927\u304d\u306a\u9055\u3044\u306f\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4ed6\u306b\u3082\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u5c5e\u6027\u304c\u9055\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u591a\u69d8\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u914d\u4fe1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u8b1b\u7fa9\u304b MOOC \u304b\uff09\u3068\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8981\u7d20\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u3053\u306e MOOC \u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u8003\u3048\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u305f\u8cea\u554f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u7b54\u3048\u3092\u51fa\u305b\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u306b\u91cd\u70b9\u3092\u7f6e\u3044\u305f\u3001\u884c\u52d5\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u301c\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u7fd2\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/part\/chapter-1-fundamental-change-in-education\/\">\u7b2c\uff11\u7ae0<\/a>\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u3001\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u80b2\u6210\u3092\u76ee\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\n\nMOOCs \u5185\u3067\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u5b9f\u4f53\u9a13\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u7279\u306b MOOCs \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 Kop (2011) \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u4f8b\u5916\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b MOOCs \u3067\u306f\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u76e3\u8996\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u3068\u7e4b\u304c\u3063\u305f\u308a\u56de\u7b54\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306b\u4efb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u3073\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u9ad8\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u80b2\u6210\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b MOOCs \u306e\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u6709\u52b9\u6027\u304b\u3089\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5f37\u3044\u6279\u5224\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6df1\u3044\u6982\u5ff5\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u884c\u3046\u306b\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8aa4\u89e3\u3084\u601d\u3044\u9055\u3044\u3092\u6b63\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306e\u7684\u78ba\u306a\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u3001\u8ad6\u62e0\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u3084\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u3055\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u3073\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u304c\u6e80\u305f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4ecb\u5165\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u6df1\u304f\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u3068\u6307\u5c0e\u306e\u6a5f\u4f1a\u3092\u8a2d\u3051\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3082\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059 (Harasim, 2013) \u3002\n\n\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6559\u54e1\u304b\u3089\u306e\u4ecb\u5165\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u898f\u6a21\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308b\u307b\u3069\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306f\u300c\u904e\u8ca0\u8377\u3001\u4e0d\u5b89\u3001\u55aa\u5931\u611f\u300d\u3092\u611f\u3058\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059 (Knox, 2014)\u3002Firmin et\u00a0al. (2014) \u304c\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u306b\u3088\u308b\u300c\u52b1\u307e\u3057\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u52aa\u529b\u3068\u95a2\u4e0e\u3078\u306e\u652f\u63f4\u300d\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5168\u54e1\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3001\u826f\u3044\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u7e4b\u304c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u304c\u884c\u3046\u3079\u304d\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u62c5\u308f\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3084\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306f\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306b\u7acb\u3061\u5411\u304b\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5354\u50cd\u7684\u30fb\u5354\u8abf\u7684\u306a\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u6210\u529f\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\uff08\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 Dillenbourg (1999) \u3084 Lave and Wenger (1991) \uff09\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u77e5\u898b\u306f\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b MOOCs \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u7ba1\u7406\u306b\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u6d3b\u304b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\n\n\u53cd\u8ad6\u306e\uff11\u3064\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082 cMOOCs \u3067\u306f\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u3084\u30b3\u30e9\u30dc\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u3073\u3068\u306f\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5f62\u614b\u306e\u5b66\u3073\u3092\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066 MOOCs \u306f\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u30cb\u30fc\u30ba\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7279\u306b\u6210\u4eba\u306e\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306f\u3001Downes and Siemens \u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306b\u3088\u308c\u3070\u3001\u9ad8\u3044\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u8eab\u306b\u3064\u3051\u308b\u624b\u7acb\u3066\u3092\u81ea\u5df1\u7ba1\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002MOOCs \u306f\u300c\u9700\u8981\u300d\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3053\u3068\u306b\u95a2\u5fc3\u3092\u6301\u3064\u4ed6\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u3084\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u652f\u63f4\u3057\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u3092\u63a2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u500b\u3005\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u95a2\u5fc3\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u4eba\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6df1\u3044\u6982\u5ff5\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u306f\u3053\u306e\u95a2\u5fc3\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u306a\u3044\u306e\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u304a\u305d\u3089\u304f\u305d\u3053\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3046\u307e\u304f\u6d3b\u304b\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6c17\u6301\u3061\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002MOOCs \u304c\u7279\u306b\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u65e2\u306b\u9ad8\u6c34\u6e96\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306e\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u5f0f\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u3067\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u3092 MOOC \u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u6642\u306b\u6301\u3061\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4e8b\u524d\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3084\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u4eba\u3005\u3078\u306e\u624b\u52a9\u3051\u306b\u3082\u8ca2\u732e\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\n\u6642\u9593\u306e\u7d4c\u904e\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u7d4c\u9a13\u304c\u84c4\u7a4d\u3055\u308c\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308a\u3001MOOCs \u306f\u5c0f\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u4f5c\u696d\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u77e5\u898b\u306e\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u3092\u3001\u5927\u4eba\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u4f5c\u696d\u306b\u3082\u53d6\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3001\u5fdc\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 MOOCs \u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u300c\u30dc\u30e9\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30a2\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b66\u7fd2\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u306e\u6307\u5c0e\u8005\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059 (Dillenbourg, 2014) \u3002\u7c73\u56fd\u56fd\u52d9\u7701\u306f MOOCs \u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u3092\u80b2\u6210\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u4f7f\u7bc0\u56e3\u3084\u9818\u4e8b\u9928\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066 MOOCs \u5408\u5bbf\u3092\u958b\u50ac\u3057\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5408\u5bbf\u306b\u306f\u30d5\u30eb\u30d6\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u5968\u5b66\u751f\u3084\u5927\u4f7f\u9928\u8077\u54e1\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6d77\u5916\u304b\u3089\u306e MOOC \u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3084\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7387\u5148\u3057\u305f\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u884c\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 (Haynie\u30012014) \u3002\u30d6\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30fb\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u306a\u3069\u4e00\u90e8\u306e MOOCs \u63d0\u4f9b\u6821\u3067\u306f\u6559\u80b2\u52a9\u624b\u306e\u5c0f\u96c6\u56e3\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001MOOCs \u4e0a\u306e\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e9\u30e0\u306b\u76ee\u3092\u914d\u308a\u3001\u8ca2\u732e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u624b\u5f53\u3092\u652f\u6255\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 (Engle, 2014) \u3002Engle\u306f\u3001\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3048\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u6559\u54e1\u305f\u3061\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4ecb\u5165\u306e\u4ed6\u306b\u6559\u80b2\u52a9\u624b\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u00a0UBC MOOCs \u306f\u3088\u308a\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30e9\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u3067\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u306a\u3082\u306e\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5831\u544a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u8ab0\u304b\u306b\u304a\u91d1\u3092\u652f\u6255\u3063\u3066 MOOCs \u3092\u5de1\u8996\u3084\u652f\u63f4\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3046\u306b\u306f\u5f53\u7136\u306a\u304c\u3089\u63d0\u4f9b\u6821\u3078\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u5897\u52a0\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u3001MOOCs \u3067\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3067\u306e\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306b\u7ba1\u7406\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u6280\u8853\u306e\u958b\u767a\u304c\u6b20\u304b\u305b\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u30a8\u30b8\u30f3\u30d0\u30e9\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u4e0a\u306e\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30fb\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u5de1\u56de\u3057\u3001\u652f\u63f4\u3084\u52b1\u307e\u3057\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5b66\u751f\u306b\u3001\u4e88\u3081\u7528\u610f\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u9001\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u81ea\u52d5\u300c\u6559\u54e1\u30dc\u30c3\u30c8\u300d\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 (Bayne, 2014) \u3002\n\n\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u624b\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u304c\u767a\u884c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u304c\u6210\u529f\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u9375\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5148\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u305d\u306e\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001\u307e\u3060\u5b66\u751f\u306b\u5099\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u6df1\u3044\u6982\u5ff5\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u5b9a\u7740\u3055\u305b\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u652f\u63f4\u3068\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3092 MOOCs \u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3084\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3053\u3068\u306f\u307e\u3060\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u80b2\u6210\u306f\u3001\u81a8\u5927\u306a\u6570\u306e\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u3092\u6271\u3046\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u305f\u3061\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b MOOCs \u304b\u3089\u4f55\u3092\u5b66\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u78ba\u56fa\u305f\u308b\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u51fa\u3059\u524d\u306b\u3001\u3082\u3063\u3068\u591a\u304f\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\n<h1>5.4.6 \u8a55\u4fa1<\/h1>\nMOOCs \u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u81a8\u5927\u306a\u6570\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u660e\u767d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u7c21\u5358\u306a\u8aac\u660e\u306b\u3068\u3069\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057<a href=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/chapter\/5-8-assessment-of-learning\/\">\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3A.8<\/a>\u3067\u306f\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u5206\u6790\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f Suen (2014) \u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306b MOOCs \u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u3067\u30d0\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u306e\u3068\u308c\u305f\u6982\u8981\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u672c\u7bc0\u306f Suen \u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u4f9d\u62e0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.6.1 \u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u3088\u308b\u63a1\u70b9\u8a55\u4fa1<\/strong><\/h2>\n\u4eca\u65e5\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e MOOCs \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\uff12\u7a2e\u985e\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \uff11\u3064\u76ee\u306f\u3001\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u306b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u591a\u80a2\u9078\u629e\u554f\u984c\u3084\u3001\u6570\u5f0f\u307e\u305f\u306f\u300c\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u300d\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3057\u3066\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3067\u304d\u308b\u56de\u7b54\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u3001\u53d7\u9a13\u8005\u306b\u306f\u63a1\u70b9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u56de\u7b54\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u30fb\u4e0d\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u3082\u306e\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3088\u308a\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u3082\u306e\u307e\u3067\u3001\u5373\u6642\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u304c\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5168\u3066\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3084\u516c\u7406\u3001\u516c\u5f0f\u3001\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u660e\u78ba\u3067\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u7b54\u3048\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u76f4\u63a5\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u3046\u307e\u304f\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u4e0a\u3067\u305f\u3060\u3061\u306b\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u306f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u30011970\u5e74\u4ee3\u3068\u3044\u3046\u304b\u306a\u308a\u4ee5\u524d\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u306e\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u591a\u80a2\u9078\u629e\u554f\u984c\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u52d5\u63a1\u70b9\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u6df1\u5c64\u7684\u307e\u305f\u306f\u300c\u5909\u5bb9\u7684\u300d\u306a\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u5341\u5206\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u96e3\u304f\u3001\u7279\u306b\u5275\u9020\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3084\u72ec\u5275\u7684\u601d\u8003\u306a\u3069\u3001\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u77e5\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u306f\u9069\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.6.2 \u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1<\/strong><\/h2>\nMOOCs \u3067\u8a66\u307f\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff12\u756a\u76ee\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u3001\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u304c\u304a\u4e92\u3044\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3059\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u6cd5\u306f\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u306a\u6559\u5ba4\u3067\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u3084\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u6559\u80b2\u3067\u3046\u307e\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f (Falchikov and Goldfinch, 2000; van Zundert et al., 2010) \u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u304c\u4ed6\u8005\u306e\u6210\u679c\u7269\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u904e\u7a0b\u3092\u901a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6df1\u3044\u7406\u89e3\u3068\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3053\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u304c\u4ed6\u8005\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u6279\u5224\u7684\u601d\u8003\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u3092\u80b2\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3082\u5f79\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n\u3057\u304b\u3057\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u304c\u3046\u307e\u304f\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u63a1\u70b9\u6307\u6a19\u3001\u30eb\u30fc\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\uff08\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6307\u793a\u66f8\u304d\uff09\u3001\u8a55\u4fa1\u57fa\u6e96\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u306b\u5bc6\u63a5\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u308a\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u5b9a\u3081\u305f\u63a1\u70b9\u6307\u6a19\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u306e\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u304c\u4fdd\u305f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u4fee\u6b63\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6559\u54e1\u306f MOOCs \u4e0a\u306b\u63a1\u70b9\u6307\u6a19\u3084\u30eb\u30fc\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3082\u591a\u6570\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u751f\u304c\u76f8\u624b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u7dbf\u5bc6\u306a\u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081 MOOC \u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306f\u3001\u6210\u679c\u7269\u3092\u300c\u516c\u6b63\u300d\u306b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3084\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5168\u304f\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u4ed6\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u751f\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7121\u4f5c\u70ba\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u8179\u3092\u7acb\u3066\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\nMOOCs \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5168\u63a1\u70b9\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5316\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8abf\u6574\u578b\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u3084\u30d9\u30a4\u30ba\u63a8\u5b9a\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb (Piech et al., 2013) \u306a\u3069\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u8a66\u307f\u304c\u53d6\u308a\u5165\u308c\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u306a\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u6e1b\u3089\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\uff08\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5897\u3084\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\uff09\u8a55\u4fa1\u8005\u306e\u601d\u3044\u9055\u3044\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u30df\u30b9\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3092\u89e3\u6c7a\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306b\u306f\u81f3\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u7279\u306b\u53d7\u8b1b\u751f\u306e\u5927\u534a\u304c MOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u5b66\u3076\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u5927\u304d\u306a\u554f\u984c\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306b\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u5165\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u76f2\u4eba\u304c\u76f2\u4eba\u306e\u624b\u3092\u5f15\u304f\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.6.3 \u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u306e\u81ea\u52d5\u63a1\u70b9<\/strong><\/h2>\n\u3053\u308c\u3082\u63a1\u70b9\u3092\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u3059\u308b\u6570\u3005\u306e\u8a66\u307f\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u5206\u91ce\u306e\uff11\u3064\u3067\u3059 (Balfour, 2013) \u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u306f\u5f90\u3005\u306b\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u304d\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u6587\u6cd5\u3084\u7db4\u308a\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u69cb\u6210\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3001\u4e3b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6280\u8853\u7684\u306a\u30e9\u30a4\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6b8b\u5ff5\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3082\u3001\u9ad8\u3044\u6c34\u6e96\u306e\u77e5\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u304c\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.6.4 \u96fb\u5b50\u30d0\u30c3\u30b8\u3068\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\u7279\u306b xMOOCs \u3067\u306f\u3001\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u5230\u9054\u5ea6\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6700\u7d42\u8a66\u9a13\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u306f\u6a5f\u68b0\u63a1\u70b9\uff09\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306b\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u3084\u300c\u96fb\u5b50\u30d0\u30c3\u30b8\u300d\u304c\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3067\u8a8d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5b66\u4f4d\u6388\u4e0e\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u5b66\u9577\u304b\u3089\u6210\u308b\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u6559\u80b2\u8a55\u8b70\u4f1a (ACE) \u306f\u3001Coursera \u306e MOOCs \u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u3067\uff15\u3064\u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5358\u4f4d\u8a8d\u5b9a\u306e\u63a8\u85a6\u3092\u63d0\u8b70\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u5be9\u67fb\u306e\u8cac\u4efb\u8005 (Book, 2013) \u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8ff0\u3079\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\n<blockquote>ACE \u8a2d\u7f6e\u8a8d\u53ef\u304c\u884c\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u65e2\u306b\u8a8d\u5b9a\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6a5f\u95a2\u304b\u3089\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a8d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5be9\u67fb\u306f\u5b66\u7fd2\u6210\u679c\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u306b\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u6210\u679c\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u6709\u52b9\u6027\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5168\u3066\u306e\u7591\u554f\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u4e0d\u554f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u904e\u304e\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<em>\u00a0<\/em><\/blockquote>\n\u5b9f\u969b\u3001MOOCs \u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u304c\u767a\u884c\u3057\u305f\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u3092\u5165\u5b66\u3084\u5b66\u5185\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a8d\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b MOOCs \u63d0\u4f9b\u6821\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u81ea\u4fe1\u304c\u6301\u3066\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u307b\u3069\u3001MOOCs \u3067\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u8cea\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u96c4\u5f01\u306b\u7269\u8a9e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.6.5 \u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u88cf\u5074\u306b\u3042\u308b\u610f\u56f3<\/strong><\/h2>\nMOOCs \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u306f\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u7570\u306a\u308b\u76ee\u7684\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/chapter\/5-8-assessment-of-learning\/\">\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3A.8<\/a>\u3092\u53c2\u7167\uff09\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068\u6a5f\u68b0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u52d5\u63a1\u70b9\u3067\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u5373\u6642\u7684\u306a\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u306f\u3001\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u6709\u76ca\u3067\u3059\u3002\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306f\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u304c\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u6df1\u3081\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3066\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001cMOOCs \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5b66\u3073\u306f Suen \u304c\u6307\u6458\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u9593\u3067\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u306f cMOOCs \u4e0a\u306e\u4ef2\u9593\u305f\u3061\u306e\u63a1\u70b9\u306b\u59d4\u306d\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a cMOOCs \u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u5168\u3066\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u304c\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u3068\u4fe1\u3058\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3092\u8db3\u3057\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6b63\u5f0f\u306a\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u4e0d\u8981\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u5b66\u3093\u3060\u3053\u3068\u306f\u5fc5\u305a\u3057\u3082\u300c\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306b\u300d\u691c\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u77e5\u8b58\u306b\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u516c\u6b63\u3092\u671f\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u66f8\u304d\u6dfb\u3048\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u305d\u3082\u305d\u3082\u300c\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u6b63\u3057\u3055\u300d\u306f cMOOCs \u652f\u6301\u8005\u306e\u95a2\u5fc3\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\n\n\u5b66\u696d\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u5b66\u529b\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\uff08\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u3078\u306e\u5165\u5b66\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3055\u3089\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u96c7\u7528\u6a5f\u4f1a\u3068\u6607\u9032\u306b\u3082\u5f71\u97ff\u3059\u308b\u4e00\u7a2e\u306e\u901a\u8ca8\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u8996\u70b9\u306b\u7acb\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306e\u901a\u8ca8\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8a8d\u5b9a\u304c\u6b63\u5f53\u304b\u5426\u304b\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u79fb\u8ee2\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u5426\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6b20\u304b\u305b\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d MOOCs \u306f\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u3084\u539f\u7406\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7406\u89e3\u3068\u77e5\u8b58\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\uff08\u3053\u308c\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3082\u4fa1\u5024\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\uff09\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u305f\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u6210\u679c\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306f\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002MOOCs \u304c\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6df1\u3044\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u77e5\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u958b\u767a\u3084\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u78ba\u304b\u306b\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f MOOCs \u3068\u4ed6\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u306e\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u3068\u3092\u5206\u304b\u3064\u7279\u5fb4\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3001\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5236\u7d04\u304c\u3042\u308b\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\n<h1>5.4.7 \u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a<\/h1>\nMOOCs \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u5bc4\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u671f\u5f85\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u3067\u3001 Hollands and Tirthali (2014) \u306f\u30d6\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u69cb\u7bc9\u3068\u7dad\u6301\u304c MOOCs \u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u4e0a\u3067\uff12\u756a\u76ee\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u7406\u7531\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff08\u6700\u3082\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u52e2\u529b\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u5e83\u3052\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3082\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u306a\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306e\u8a66\u307f\u3068\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\uff09MOOCs \u306e\u5229\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306f\u3001\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u30de\u30b5\u30c1\u30e5\u30fc\u30bb\u30c3\u30c4\u5de5\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u30cf\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u306a\u3069\u7cbe\u92ed\u304c\u96c6\u307e\u308b\u30a2\u30a4\u30d3\u30fc\u30fb\u30ea\u30fc\u30b0\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u304c\u5148\u5c0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u307b\u304b\u3001Coursera \u306f\u57fa\u76e4\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3078\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u300c\u30c8\u30c3\u30d7\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u300d\u306e\u307f\u306b\u5236\u9650\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002MOOCs \u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u305f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u306f\u3057\u3070\u3089\u304f\u306e\u9593\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u3078\u306e\u79fb\u884c\u3092\u898b\u9001\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5148\u9663\u7684\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002MOOCs \u306f\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u9045\u308c\u3066\u3084\u3063\u3066\u304d\u305f\u30a8\u30ea\u30fc\u30c8\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u300c\u5148\u99c6\u8005\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u884c\u5217\u306e\u5148\u982d\u306b\u4e00\u6c17\u306b\u30b8\u30e3\u30f3\u30d7\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u624b\u6bb5\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\n\u7279\u5b9a\u5206\u91ce\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u77e5\u8b58\u3092MOOCs \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u3088\u308a\u3082\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5e83\u3044\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u5411\u3051\u3066\u516c\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u7406\u306b\u304b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30a2\u30eb\u30d0\u30fc\u30bf\u5927\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6050\u7adc\u5b66\u3001MIT\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u5b50\u5de5\u5b66\u3001\u30cf\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u53e4\u4ee3\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30a2\u82f1\u96c4\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5b66\u7fd2\u3059\u308b MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u304c\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u9593\u9055\u3044\u306a\u304f MOOCs \u306f\u6559\u54e1\u500b\u3005\u4eba\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u306e\u8cea\u3092\u5e83\u3052\u308b\u306e\u306b\u6709\u7528\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u6559\u54e1\u306f\u751f\u6daf\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u4e2d\u3060\u3051\u3067\u6559\u3048\u308b\u3088\u308a\u3082 MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u306b\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u5c4a\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u559c\u3073\u3092\u899a\u3048\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066 MOOCs \u306f\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3084\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u8cea\u3092\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u3060\u3051\u898b\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u826f\u3044\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n\u3057\u304b\u3057 MOOCs \u304c\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3059\u3002Hollands and Tirthali \u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6307\u6458\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<blockquote>MOOC \u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u6d3b\u52d5\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u304b\u3089\u5927\u304d\u306a\u6ce8\u76ee\u3092\u96c6\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u6c7a\u65ad\u304c\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306b\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u5207\u308a\u5206\u3051\u3066\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306f\u3001\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u30e1\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3001\u5b9a\u91cf\u5316\u3059\u308b\u304b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u59cb\u3081\u305f\u3070\u304b\u308a\u3060\u3002<\/blockquote>\n\u3068\u308a\u308f\u3051\u4e0a\u4f4d\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306f\u3001\u65e2\u306b\u512a\u79c0\u306a\u5b66\u751f\u3092\u60f9\u304d\u3064\u3051\u308b\u9b45\u529b\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001\u6b63\u898f\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3078\u306e\u5fdc\u52df\u8005\u6570\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f MOOCs \u306f\u5fc5\u8981\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c MOOCs \u306e\u4fee\u4e86\u3092\u6b63\u8ab2\u306e\u5b66\u4f4d\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3078\u306e\u5165\u5b66\u306b\u8a8d\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4f8b\u306f\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\n\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u5168\u3066\u306e\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c MOOCs \u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u59cb\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3001\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306f\u6b21\u7b2c\u306b\u982d\u6253\u3061\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u3001\u30b8\u30e7\u30fc\u30b8\u30a2\u5de5\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u306e MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\uff11\u3064\u304c\u7a81\u7136\u7834\u7dbb\u3057\u305f\u6642\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b (Jaschik, 2013) \u3001\u8cea\u306e\u4f4e\u3044\u6559\u80b2\u3084\u6388\u696d\u8a08\u753b\u3092\u4f55\u5343\u4eba\u3082\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u516c\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306b\u60aa\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u304a\u3088\u307c\u3059\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u6982\u3057\u3066\u3001\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e MOOCs \u306f\u4ed6\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u3084\u5e83\u5831\u6d3b\u52d5\u306e\u5229\u7528\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u8b58\u3084\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306a\u77e5\u898b\u3092\u5e83\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u70b9\u3067\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u306e\u8a55\u5224\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6210\u529f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<h1>5.4.8 \u8cbb\u7528\u3068\u7d4c\u6e08\u898f\u6a21<\/h1>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"26\"><\/a>\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_157\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"740\"]<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/11\/Fixed-and-variable-costs-2.jpg\"><img class=\" wp-image-159\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Fixed-and-variable-costs-2.jpg\" alt=\"The MOOC value proposition is that MOOCs can eliminate the variable costs of course delivery. Image: \u00a9 OpenTuition.com, 2014 \" width=\"740\" height=\"393\"><\/a> \u56f35.4.8 MOOCs \u306e\u4fa1\u5024\u304c\u793a\u3059\u554f\u984c\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8b1b\u5ea7\u914d\u4fe1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u5909\u52d5\u8cbb\u3092\u7121\u304f\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u3059\u3002\uff08\u00a9 OpenTuition.com, 2014\uff09[\/caption]\n\n<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"13\"><\/a>\n\nMOOCs \u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u5f37\u307f\u306e\uff11\u3064\u306f\u3001\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u304c\u7121\u6599\u3067 MOOCs \u3092\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u306f\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u306b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u539f\u7406\u7684\u306b\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u3082 MOOCs \u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u5074\u306f\u3001\u7279\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u6599\u91d1\u3092\u8acb\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3082\u826f\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066 MOOCs \u306f\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306b\u306f\u7121\u6599\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u5074\u306b\u306f\u304b\u306a\u308a\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f xMOOCs \u3068 cMOOCs \u3068\u3067\u306f\u8cbb\u7528\u306b\u306f\u5927\u304d\u306a\u9055\u3044\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f8c\u8005\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5b89\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305f\u3068\u3048 cMOOCs \u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3084\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u304b\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\nMOOCs \u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u73fe\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u306f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u51fa\u305b\u308b\u5341\u5206\u306a\u4e8b\u4f8b\u304c\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001MOOCs \u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u3068\u63d0\u4f9b\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306a\u3089\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30aa\u30bf\u30ef\u5927\u5b66 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uottawa.ca\/vice-president-academic\/sites\/www.uottawa.ca.vice-president-academic\/files\/e-learning-working-group-report.pdf\">University of Ottawa, 2013<\/a>) \u306f\u3001Coursera \u304c\u5927\u5b66\u306b\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u305f\u6570\u5b57\u3068\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u958b\u767a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u77e5\u898b\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3001xMOOCs \u306e\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u7d0410\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\u3068\u898b\u7a4d\u3082\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\n\n<a href=\"http:\/\/flexible-learning2015.sites.olt.ubc.ca\/files\/2015\/02\/MOOC-Report.pdf\">Engle (2014)<\/a> \u306f\u3001\u30d6\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30fb\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\uff15\u3064\u306e MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5831\u544a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff08\u5b9f\u306f UBC MOOCs \u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u6570\u306f\uff14\u3064\u3060\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306e\uff11\u3064\u304c\uff12\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u5206\u5272\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\uff09UBC MOOCs \u306b\u306f\u3001\u4ed6\u306e MOOCs \u306b\u306f\u5fc5\u305a\u3057\u3082\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u307e\u3089\u306a\u3044\uff12\u3064\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u7279\u5fb4\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001UBC MOOCs \u306f\u30b9\u30bf\u30b8\u30aa\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u672c\u683c\u7684\u306a\u5236\u4f5c\u74b0\u5883\u304b\u3089\u30c7\u30b9\u30af\u30c8\u30c3\u30d7\u9332\u753b\u307e\u3067\u3001\u591a\u7a2e\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u52d5\u753b\u5236\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u52d5\u753b\u5236\u4f5c\u6280\u8853\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3055\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u304b\u306a\u308a\u7570\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001UBC MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u4e0a\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306b\u76ee\u3092\u914d\u308a\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u6388\u696d\u6559\u6750\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5909\u66f4\u3059\u308b\u6709\u7d66\u306e\u5b66\u8853\u52a9\u624b\u3092\u591a\u7528\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u304b\u306a\u308a\u306e\u914d\u4fe1\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\n\nUBC \u5831\u544a\u66f8\u306e\u4ed8\u9332\uff22\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u8a66\u7b97\u3068\u3057\u3066 217,657 \u30c9\u30eb\u3068\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u652f\u63f4\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u304a\u305d\u3089\u304f\u6700\u3082\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8cbb\u7528\u3067\u3042\u308b\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u6642\u9593\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u9664\u5916\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b66\u7fd2\u652f\u63f4\u306f\u521d\u5e74\u5ea6\u306e\u7dcf\u8cbb\u7528\u306e 25\uff05 \u306b\u9054\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff08\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u9664\u304f\uff09\u3002\u5831\u544a\u66f8\u306e\u56f3\uff11\u306e\u52d5\u753b\u6559\u6750\u5236\u4f5c\u8cbb\uff0895,350\u30c9\u30eb\uff09\u3068\u52d5\u753b\u6559\u6750\u5236\u4f5c\u306b\u8cbb\u3084\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8cbb\u7528\u306e\u5272\u5408\uff0844\uff05\uff09\u304b\u3089\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3068\u904b\u55b6\u8cbb\u7528\uff08\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u7ba1\u7406\u3084\u8af8\u7d4c\u8cbb\uff09\u3092\u9664\u3044\u305f\u76f4\u63a5\u7d4c\u8cbb\u306f 216,700\u30c9\u30eb\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a MOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\uff11\u3064\u3042\u305f\u308a\u3001\u6709\u7d66\u306e\u5b66\u8853\u52a9\u624b\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3082\u542b\u3081\u3001\u7d04 54,000\u30c9\u30eb\u3068\u63a8\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001\u8cbb\u7528\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3082\u540c\u3058\u304f\u3089\u3044\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u306b\u30b9\u30bf\u30b8\u30aa\u5236\u4f5c\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f MOOCs \u306e\u52d5\u753b\u5236\u4f5c\u8cbb\u306f\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\uff11\u3064\u306e MOOC \u306e\u52d5\u753b\u5236\u4f5c\u8cbb\u306e\uff16\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\n\n\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u3057\u305f\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u8b1b\u5ea7\u304a\u3088\u3073\u9060\u9694\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e3b\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u8981\u56e0\u3084\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u8981\u7d20\u306f\u3001Rumble (2001) \u304a\u3088\u3073 H\u00fclsmann (2003) \u306b\u3088\u308b\u5148\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u304b\u3089\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u79c1\u306f\u540c\u69d8\u306e\u539f\u4fa1\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30d6\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30fb\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u4fee\u58eb\u8ab2\u7a0b\u306e\uff17\u5e74\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u3001\u5206\u6790\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f (Bates and Sangr\u00e0, 2011) \u3002\u3053\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u5b66\u7fd2\u7ba1\u7406\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u306a\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u958b\u767a\u3057\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u4e0a\u3067\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3068\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u305f\u307b\u304b\u3001\u767b\u9332\u8005\u6570\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306f\u8ffd\u52a0\u3067\u88dc\u52a9\u6559\u54e1\u304b\u3089\u306e\u52a9\u3051\u3092\u5f97\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\n\n\u79c1\u304cUBC\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\u30012003\u5e74\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\uff11\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3042\u305f\u308a\u7d04\uff12\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\u304b\u3089\uff12\u4e07\uff15\u5343\u30c9\u30eb\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\uff17\u5e74\u9593\u304b\u304b\u3063\u305f\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u5168\u4f53\u306e15\uff05\u672a\u6e80\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u3053\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\uff11\u5e74\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u6642\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3068\u5b66\u751f\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u3092\u542b\u3080\u914d\u4fe1\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u5408\u8a08\u306e\uff13\u5206\u306e\uff11\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u5360\u3081\u3001\u5f53\u7136\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u304c\u8b1b\u5ea7\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5e74\u3054\u3068\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u306e\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u3067\u306f\u3001\u914d\u4fe1\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u304c\u5b58\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u671f\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u306e\uff12\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u306a\u308b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\nMOOCs \u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u306e\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u6388\u696d\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u9055\u3044\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3084\u6559\u54e1\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a55\u4fa1\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u306e\u3067\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u4e0a\u306f\u305d\u3046\u3067\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5168\u3066\u306e\u914d\u4fe1\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u524a\u6e1b\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\nxMOOCs \u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u306b\u306f\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u591a\u5927\u306a\u6a5f\u4f1a\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u5f53\u7136\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u306b\u969b\u3057\u3066\u306f\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u304f\u8a55\u4fa1\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u95a2\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u6388\u696d\u8ca0\u62c5\u306f\u6700\u5927\u3067\u3082\u5e74\u9593\uff14\u301c\uff16\u79d1\u76ee\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u6559\u54e1\u306f MOOCs \u306b\u7121\u511f\u3067\u95a2\u308f\u3063\u3066\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u6642\u9593\u306f\u6709\u9650\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3001\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\uff11\u5b66\u671f\u5206\u306e\u6388\u696d\u8ca0\u62c5\u306e\uff11\u79d1\u76ee\u5206\uff08\u6388\u696d\u8ca0\u62c5\u306e25\uff05\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\uff09\u3092\u5272\u3044\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u8cbb\u3084\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6642\u9593\u304c xMOOCs \u306e\u958b\u767a\u3068\u914d\u4fe1\u306b\u596a\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\uff15\u301c\uff17\u5e74\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306f\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u6388\u696d\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u306f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e00\u5ea6\u304b\u4e8c\u5ea6\u3057\u304b\u958b\u8b1b\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\n\n\u3057\u304b\u3057 xMOOCs \u306e\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u62c5\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u6642\u9593\u5206\u3092\u9664\u5916\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u52d5\u753b\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u7ba1\u7406\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\uff08LMS\uff09\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u6388\u696d\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u306e\u307b\u307c\uff12\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6559\u54e1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3068\u308a\u308f\u3051\u6559\u54e1\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a MOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u516c\u958b\u3059\u308b\u6388\u696d\u5b9f\u8df5\u306b\u8cbb\u3084\u3059\u4f59\u8a08\u306a\u6642\u9593\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u52d5\u753b\u64ae\u5f71\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30ea\u30cf\u30fc\u30b5\u30eb\u306e\u6642\u9593\u306a\u3069\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001xMOOCs \u306e\u88fd\u4f5c\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u540c\u3058\u9577\u3055\u306e\u6388\u696d\u6642\u9593\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u6388\u696d\u3068\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u3068\uff13\u500d\u8fd1\u304f\u306b\u3082\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002xMOOCs \u3067\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u914d\u4fe1\u306b\u306f\u52d5\u753b\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b LMS \u306a\u3069\u306e\u5b89\u4fa1\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u306e\u5229\u7528\u3084\u3001\u8b1b\u7fa9\u9332\u753b\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u6559\u5ba4\u8b1b\u7fa9\u306e\u52d5\u753b\u3092\u518d\u7de8\u96c6\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3057\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n\u305d\u3046\u306f\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3084\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u652f\u63f4\u3092\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001MOOCs \u306e\u914d\u4fe1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u30bc\u30ed\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u3053\u306b\u7bc0\u7d04\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\uff11\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5358\u4fa1\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u4f4e\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u660e\u66f8\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u5b66\u751f\uff11\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3067\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5927\u5b66\u5185\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3067\u512a\u7b49\u306a\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3088\u308a\u3082\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5b89\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306b\u7d0410\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\u304b\u304b\u308a\u30015,000\u4eba\u306e\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u304c\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u660e\u66f8\u3092\u624b\u306b\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5b66\u751f\uff11\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u8cbb\u7528\u306f20\u30c9\u30eb\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 MOOC \u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u751f\u3068\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u4fee\u58eb\u8ab2\u7a0b\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u3067\u306f\u540c\u3058\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3068\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5f53\u7136\u306e\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3053\u3068\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\n\n\u3053\u3053\u3067\u554f\u984c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f MOOCs \u304c\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3082\u4eba\u9593\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u3082\u306a\u304f\u6210\u529f\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u8cea\u3092\u640d\u306a\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001MOOCs \u306b\u3088\u308b\u300c\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u300d\u3067\u6559\u80b2\u914d\u4fe1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u524a\u6e1b\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3001\u9ad8\u6b21\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u80fd\u529b\u3068\u300c\u6df1\u3044\u300d\u77e5\u8b58\u3068\u3044\u3046\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u3067\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a3c\u62e0\u306f\u4f55\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u6e2c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u3092\u6e96\u5099\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u306f\u4eba\u9593\u306b\u3088\u308b\u63a1\u70b9\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u3046\u307e\u304f\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u5148\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306a\u53c2\u52a0\u304c\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u6210\u529f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8981\u7d20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3068\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f MOOCs \u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u4f9d\u7136\u3001\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002MOOCs \u306f\u3042\u308b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u6559\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306b\u306f\u826f\u3044\u65b9\u6cd5\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u6559\u3048\u308b\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u9045\u304b\u308c\u65e9\u304b\u308c\u5927\u304d\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u4e0a\u306e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u3076\u3064\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6b8b\u5ff5\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001MOOCs \u3067\u6559\u3048\u308b\u306e\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u306e\u306f\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u3067\u6700\u3082\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\n\u6301\u7d9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u3001\u79c1\u7acb\u8ca1\u56e3\u304b\u3089\u306e\u591a\u984d\u306e\u5bc4\u4ed8\u3084\u57fa\u91d1\u304b\u3089\u652f\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u512a\u79c0\u306a\u5927\u5b66\u306f xMOOCs \u306b\u79fb\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u3067\u306f\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5f62\u3067\u306e\u8cc7\u91d1\u8abf\u9054\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3059\u3002Coursera \u3068 Udacity \u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u306f MOOCs \u63d0\u4f9b\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u5229\u7528\u6599\u3092\u8ab2\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u30d0\u30c3\u30b8\u3084\u8a3c\u660e\u66f8\u306e\u767a\u884c\u306b\u8ab2\u91d1\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8ca9\u58f2\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u304b\u3089\u30b9\u30dd\u30f3\u30b5\u30fc\u6599\u3092\u96c6\u3081\u305f\u308a\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u5e83\u544a\u3092\u63b2\u8f09\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u306a\u3069\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u5165\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6210\u529f\u3059\u308b\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u5275\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u6a5f\u4f1a\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n\u3057\u304b\u3057\u7279\u306b\u516c\u7acb\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u53ce\u5165\u6e90\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u8a31\u53ef\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u305f\u3068\u3048 MOOCs \u3067\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u7d20\u6750\u3092\u5b66\u5185\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3067\u518d\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3082\u3001MOOCs \u3078\u306e\u591a\u984d\u306e\u6295\u8cc7\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u56de\u53ce\u3059\u308c\u3070\u826f\u3044\u304b\u3001\u898b\u901a\u3057\u306f\u4e0d\u660e\u3067\u3059\u3002MOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3073\u306b\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306b\u56de\u305b\u308b\u52b4\u529b\u3084\u8cc7\u91d1\u304c\u596a\u308f\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306f\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8cc7\u91d1\u3092\u3069\u3053\u306b\u6295\u8cc7\u3059\u308b\u304b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u6c7a\u65ad\u3092\u8feb\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002MOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u9996\u5c3e\u3088\u304f\u4fee\u4e86\u3067\u304d\u305f\u6642\u306b\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u4f55\u3089\u304b\u306e\u9069\u5207\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u9650\u308a\u3001\u4e4f\u3057\u3044\u8cc7\u91d1\u3092 MOOCs \u306b\u6295\u3058\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6c7a\u65ad\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3059\u3002\n<h1>5.4.9 MOOCs \u306e\u9577\u6240\u3068\u77ed\u6240\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h1>\n\u672c\u7ae0\u3067\u5206\u6790\u3057\u305f MOOCs \u306e\u9577\u6240\u3068\u77ed\u6240\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8981\u70b9\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.9.1 \u9577\u6240<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n \t<li>MOOCs\u3001\u7279\u306b xMOOCs \u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u63a5\u7d9a\u3092\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u8ab0\u306b\u3067\u3082\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u9ad8\u5cf0\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u304b\u3089\u826f\u8cea\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u3092\u7121\u6599\u3067\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u7279\u306b\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u3078\u306e\u9053\u3092\u958b\u304f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u6210\u529f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u304b\u306a\u308a\u306e\u73fe\u5730\u9069\u5fdc\u3068\u3001\u5730\u57df\u306b\u3088\u308b\u652f\u63f4\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u643a\u6821\u3078\u306e\u591a\u984d\u306e\u6295\u8cc7\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u3084\u3001\u95a2\u5fc3\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u751f\u6daf\u5b66\u7fd2\u3084\u7d99\u7d9a\u7684\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u3042\u308b\u5f62\u614b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u5f93\u6765\u578b\u306e\u3001\u7279\u306b\u512a\u79c0\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30fb\u30e9\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u6226\u7565\u3092\u518d\u691c\u8a0e\u305b\u3056\u308b\u3092\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u8ffd\u3044\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5b66\u554f\u5206\u91ce\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5c02\u9580\u6027\u3068\u5353\u8d8a\u6027\u3092\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u30d6\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u3068\u5730\u4f4d\u3092\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>MOOCs \u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u4fa1\u5024\u63d0\u6848\u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u3084\u53d7\u8b1b\u751f\u540c\u58eb\u306e\u3084\u308a\u53d6\u308a\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u3078\u306e\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3084\u8cea\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5909\u52d5\u8cbb\u3092\u524a\u6e1b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.9.2 \u77ed\u6240<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n \t<li>MOOCs \u306e\u767b\u9332\u8005\u6570\u304c\u81a8\u5927\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u8aa4\u89e3\u3092\u62db\u304f\u6050\u308c\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u767b\u9332\u8005\u306e\u534a\u6570\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u3057\u304b\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306a\u5272\u5408\u3057\u304b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u4fee\u4e86\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u73fe\u5b9f\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u767b\u9332\u8005\u6570\u306f\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3088\u308a\u3082\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u591a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>MOOCs \u306e\u958b\u767a\u306f\u9ad8\u4fa1\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001MOOCs \u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u55b6\u5229\u7d44\u7e54\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6301\u7d9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u5275\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u6a5f\u4f1a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u516c\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6301\u7d9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066 MOOCs \u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u958b\u767a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3092\u4e88\u898b\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u62e1\u5927\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u65e2\u306b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306b\u6b53\u8fce\u3055\u308c\u308b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u9ad8\u3044\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u5b66\u7fd2\u3084\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u57fa\u76e4\u578b\u793e\u4f1a\u3067\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u9ad8\u3044\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u306e\u77e5\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u80b2\u6210\u306b\u306f\u9650\u754c\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>\u591a\u304f\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3001\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u3044\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u7d42\u3048\u305f\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4fe1\u983c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8ab2\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b8b\u308a\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>MOOCs \u306e\u6559\u6750\u3092\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u518d\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8457\u4f5c\u6a29\u3084\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7406\u7531\u306b\u3088\u308a\u9650\u754c\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-info\">\n<h3>\u30a2\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d3\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc 5.4\u00a0MOOCs \u306e\u9577\u6240\u3068\u77ed\u6240\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b<\/h3>\n<ol>\n \t<li>\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u304c\u5358\u306b\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u5225\u5f62\u614b\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u70b9\u306b\u540c\u610f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7406\u7531\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>xMOOCs \u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3068\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u8a8d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u6388\u696d\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u4e21\u8005\u306f\u540c\u3058\u8cc7\u91d1\u3092\u3081\u3050\u3063\u3066\u7af6\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u8cc7\u91d1\u3084\u76ee\u6a19\u306f\u5168\u304f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u3082\u3057\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u70b9\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>cMOOCs \u306f xMOOCs \u3088\u308a\u3082\u512a\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u306b\u306f\u9055\u3044\u3059\u304e\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u304d\u3061\u3093\u3068\u4fee\u4e86\u3057\u305f\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\uff11\u4eba\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3067\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001MOOCs \u306f\u5bfe\u9762\u5f0f\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u8a8d\u5b9a\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u3088\u308a\u3082\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u5b89\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u516c\u5e73\u306a\u6bd4\u8f03\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u516c\u5e73\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u306a\u305c\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li>MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u304d\u3061\u3093\u3068\u4fee\u4e86\u3057\u305f\u5b66\u751f\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306f\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u3082\u3057\u305d\u3046\u306a\u3089\u3001\u306a\u305c\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3053\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h1>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h1>\nBalfour, S. P. (2013)\u00a0<a style=\"font-style: italic\" href=\"https:\/\/pdfs.semanticscholar.org\/2c03\/81a33a503179eaa74630576cc7be5dc23eb4.pdf\">Assessing writing in MOOCs: Automated essay scoring and calibrated peer review<\/a>\u00a0<em>Research &amp; Practice in Assessment, <\/em>Vol. 8.\n\nBates, A. (1985) <em>Broadcasting in Education: An Evaluation<\/em> London: Constables\n\nBates, A. and Sangr\u00e0, A. (2011) <em>Managing Technology in Higher Education<\/em> San Francisco: Jossey-Bass\/John Wiley and Co\n\nBayne, S. (2014) <em>Teaching, Research and the More-than-Human in Digital Education<\/em>\u00a0Oxford UK:\u00a0EDEN Research Workshop (keynote: no printed record available)\n\nBook, P. (2103)\u00a0<em>ACE as Academic Credit Reviewer\u2013Adjustment, Accommodation, and Acceptance<\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/wcetblog.wordpress.com\/2013\/07\/25\/ace-review-moocs-for-credit\/\">WCET Learn<\/a>, July 25\n\nColvin, K. et al. (2014) <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tonybates.ca\/2014\/10\/19\/what-students-learned-from-an-mit-physics-mooc\/#sthash.zqWeKuRA.dpuf\">Learning an Introductory Physics MOOC: All Cohorts Learn Equally, Including On-Campus Class<\/a><\/em>, IRRODL, Vol. 15, No. 4\n\nDillenbourg, P. (ed.) (1999)\u00a0<em>Collaborative-learning: Cognitive and Computational Approaches<\/em>. Oxford: Elsevier\n\nDillenbourg, P. (2014) <em>MOOCs: Two Years Later<\/em>, Oxford UK:\u00a0EDEN Research Workshop\u00a0(keynote: no printed record available)\n\nEngle, W. (2104) <a href=\"http:\/\/flexible-learning2015.sites.olt.ubc.ca\/files\/2015\/02\/MOOC-Report.pdf\"><em>UBC MOOC Pilot: Design and Delivery<\/em><\/a> Vancouver BC: University of British Columbia\n\nFalchikov, N. and Goldfinch, J. (2000) <em>Student Peer Assessment in Higher Education: A Meta-Analysis Comparing Peer and Teacher Marks<\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/rer.sagepub.com\/content\/70\/3\/287.short\">Review of Educational Research<\/a>, Vol. 70, No. 3\n\nFirmin, R. et al. (2014) Case study: using MOOCs for conventional college coursework\u00a0<em>Distance Education<\/em>, Vol. 35, No. 2\n\nHarasim, L. (2012)\u00a0<em>Learning Theory and Online Technologies<\/em>\u00a0New York\/London: Routledge\n\nHaynie, D. (2014). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usnews.com\/education\/online-education\/articles\/2014\/01\/20\/state-department-hosts-mooc-camp-for-online-learners-abroad\">State Department hosts 'MOOC Camp' for online learners<\/a>. US News,January 20\n\nHill, P. (2013) <a href=\"http:\/\/mfeldstein.com\/validation-mooc-student-patterns-graphic\/\">Some validation of MOOC student patterns graphic<\/a>, e-Literate, August 30\n\nHo, A. et al. (2014)\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2381263\">HarvardX and MITx: The First Year of Open Online Courses Fall 2012-Summer 2013\u00a0<\/a>(HarvardX and MITx Working Paper No. 1), January 21\n\nHollands, F. and Tirthali, D. (2014) <a href=\"https:\/\/files.eric.ed.gov\/fulltext\/ED547237.pdf\">MOOCs: Expectations and Reality<\/a> New York: Columbia University Teachers\u2019 College, Center for Benefit-Cost Studies of Education\n\nH\u00fclsmann, T. (2003) Costs without camouflage: a cost analysis of Oldenburg University's \u00a0two graduate certificate programs offered \u00a0as part of the online Master of Distance Education (MDE): a case study, in Bernath, U. and Rubin, E., (eds.) <em>Reflections on Teaching in an Online Program: A Case Study<\/em> Oldenburg, Germany: Bibliothecks-und Informationssystem der Carl von Ossietsky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg\n\nJaschik, S. (2013) MOOC Mess, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.insidehighered.com\/news\/2013\/02\/04\/coursera-forced-call-mooc-amid-complaints-about-course\">Inside Higher Education<\/a>, February 4\n\nKnox, J. (2014) Digital culture clash: 'massive' education in the e-Learning and Digital Cultures\u00a0<em>Distance Education<\/em>, Vol. 35, No. 2\n<p class=\"a-size-large a-spacing-none\">Kop, R. (2011) The Challenges to Connectivist Learning on Open Online Networks: Learning Experiences during a Massive Open Online Course\u00a0<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.irrodl.org\/index.php\/irrodl\/article\/view\/882\/1823\">International\u00a0Review of Research into Open and Distance Learning<\/a><\/em>, Vol. 12, No. 3<\/p>\n<p class=\"a-size-large a-spacing-none\">Lave, J. and<span style=\"color: #252525\">\u00a0<\/span>Wenger, E.<span style=\"color: #252525\">\u00a0(1991).\u00a0<\/span><a class=\"external text\" style=\"color: #663366\" href=\"http:\/\/books.google.com\/?id=CAVIOrW3vYAC\" rel=\"nofollow\"><i>Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation<\/i><\/a><span style=\"color: #252525\">. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press<\/span><\/p>\nMilligan, C., Littlejohn, A. and Margaryan, A. (2013) Patterns of engagement in connectivist MOOCs, <em><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.merlot.org\/vol9no2\/milligan_0613.htm\">Merlot Journal of Online Learning and Teaching<\/a><\/em>, Vol. 9, No. 2\n\nPiech, C., Huang, J., Chen, Z., Do, C., Ng, A., &amp; Koller, D. (2013)\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.stanford.edu\/~cpiech\/bio\/papers\/tuningPeerGrading.pdf\"><em>Tuned models of peer assessment in MOOCs<\/em><\/a>. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University\n\nRumble, G. (2001) The costs and costing of networked learning, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.c3l.uni-oldenburg.de\/cde\/media\/readings\/rumb01d.pdf\">Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks<\/a>, Vol. 5, No. 2\n<p class=\"a-size-large a-spacing-none\">Suen, H. (2104) <em>Peer assessment for massive open online courses (MOOCs) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.irrodl.org\/index.php\/irrodl\/article\/view\/1680\/2904\">International\u00a0Review of Research into Open and Distance Learning<\/a><\/em>, Vol. 15, No. 3<\/p>\n<p class=\"a-size-large a-spacing-none\">University of Ottawa (2013) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uottawa.ca\/vice-president-academic\/sites\/www.uottawa.ca.vice-president-academic\/files\/e-learning-working-group-report.pdf\">Report of the e-Learning Working Group<\/a> Ottawa ON: The University of Ottawa<\/p>\n<p class=\"a-size-large a-spacing-none\">van Zundert, M., Sluijsmans, D., van Merri\u00ebnboer, J. (2010). Effective peer assessment processes: Research findings and future directions. <em>Learning and Instruction, 20,<\/em> 270-279<\/p>","rendered":"<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5fb9\u5e95\u3057\u305f\u5206\u6790\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u5b66\u5185\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066 MOOCs \u306f\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u53b3\u5bc6\u3055\u306e\u70b9\u3067\u4e0a\u56de\u308a\u3001\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306a\u6559\u6388\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\">Benton R. Groves\uff08\u535a\u58eb\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u751f\uff09<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">xMOOCs \u306b\u611f\u3058\u308b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u61f8\u5ff5\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u4e16\u754c\u3067\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u77e5\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u7fd2\u5f97\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u3067\u306f\u3053\u308c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9032\u3081\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\">Tony Bates<\/p>\n<h1>5.4.1 MOOCs \u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76<\/h1>\n<p>\u672c\u7a3f\u57f7\u7b46\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e MOOCs \u306f\u8a95\u751f\u304b\u3089\uff14\u5e74\u672a\u6e80\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001MOOCs \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u7aef\u7dd2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u305f\u3070\u304b\u308a\u3067\u3001\u520a\u884c\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u306e MOOCs \u7814\u7a76\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306f MOOCs \u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u81ea\u8eab\u304c\u884c\u306a\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5165\u5b66\u3084\u5c65\u4fee\u767b\u9332\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5831\u544a\u304b\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u81ea\u8eab\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u5df1\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002Coursera \u3084 Udacity \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5546\u7528\u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u4f01\u696d\u306f\u83ab\u5927\u306a\u30d3\u30c3\u30b0\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6240\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u3057\u304b\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u306e\u304c\u6b8b\u5ff5\u3067\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f edX \u304c\u8a2d\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u969b\u306b\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8\u30ca\u30fc\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f MIT \u3068\u30cf\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u884c\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u73fe\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u306f xMOOC\u3001cMOOC \u306e\u3069\u3061\u3089\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u3054\u304f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u79c1\u306f\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067 MOOCs \u306e\u5f37\u307f\u3068\u5f31\u307f\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u5bdf\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u9650\u308a\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u304c\u306f\u3063\u304d\u308a\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3079\u304d\u306f\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u8b70\u8ad6\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b MOOCs \u3068\u3044\u3046\u73fe\u8c61\u304c\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u306a\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u8a55\u4fa1\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u78ba\u304b\u306a\u8ad6\u62e0\u304c\u84c4\u7a4d\u3055\u308c\u308b\u307e\u3067\u3001\u3057\u3070\u3089\u304f\u5f85\u305f\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3079\u304d\u3082\u3046\uff11\u3064\u306e\u8ad6\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u79c1\u304c MOOCs \u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u7528\u3044\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u304c\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5b66\u3073\u306b\u7e4b\u304c\u308a\u3046\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u66f8\u304d\u6dfb\u3048\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u308c\u3070\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/part\/chapter-1-fundamental-change-in-education\/\">\u7b2c\uff11\u7ae0<\/a>\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305f\u77e5\u8b58\u3084\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u7fd2\u5f97\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3064\u306e\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>5.4.2 \u5e83\u304f\u958b\u653e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7121\u6599\u306e\u6559\u80b2<\/h1>\n<p>MOOCs\u3001\u4e2d\u3067\u3082 xMOOCs \u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u8ab0\u306b\u3067\u3082\u7121\u6599\u3067\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u9ad8\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u304b\u3089\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u7d20\u6674\u3089\u3057\u304f\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u3042\u308b\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067 MOOCs \u306f\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u3078\u306e\u6709\u76ca\u306a\u5e83\u304c\u308a\u3060\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u8ab0\u304c\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u306b\u7570\u8ad6\u3092\u5531\u3048\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u3082\u3061\u308d\u3093\u79c1\u306f\u305d\u3093\u306a\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3057\u3001MOOCs \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u3055\u3089\u306b\u9032\u3081\u3088\u3046\u3068\u306f\u601d\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057 MOOCs \u306f\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u89e3\u653e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7121\u6599\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u5f62\u614b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u914d\u4fe1\u307b\u3069\u306e\u529b\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3057\u3001\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3082\u9650\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\u3001\u56f3\u66f8\u9928\u306e\u66f8\u7c4d\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u5e83\u304f\u516c\u958b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7121\u6599\u306e\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u653e\u9001\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u3082\u7121\u6599\u3067\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8cbb\u7528\u306e\u304b\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u521d\u671f\u306e\u3042\u308a\u65b9\u304b\u3089\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u4eca\u306a\u304a MOOCs \u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5b66\u3079\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u5f62\u614b\u306f\u3001\u516c\u7684\u306a\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3092\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3092\u88dc\u5f37\u3057\u3001\u5f37\u5316\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u66f8\u7c4d\u3001\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u756a\u7d44\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089 MOOCs \u3082\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u512a\u308c\u305f\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u3042\u308b\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u7d99\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6c17\u697d\u306b\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3048\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u898b\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001MOOCs \u306f\u4eba\u3005\u304c\u5341\u5206\u306b\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u3053\u305d\u6700\u5927\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u767a\u63ee\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u554f\u984c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u304c\u5229\u7528\u8005\u306b\u958b\u653e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7121\u6599\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u624b\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7279\u306b\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u3067\u306f\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u62bc\u3057\u4e0b\u3052\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3084\u3001\u9700\u8981\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u6d88\u3057\u53bb\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u6642\u3067\u3059\u3002\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/chapter\/section-5-2-what-is-a-mooc\/\">5.2\u7bc0<\/a>\u306e Friedman \u306e\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u3067\u306f\u5730\u4e0a\u653e\u9001\u3084\u885b\u661f\u653e\u9001\u3092\u901a\u3058\u305f\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u63d0\u4f9b\u306e\u8a66\u307f\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff08Bates, 1985\uff09\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u5168\u3066\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u7406\u7531\u3067\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u5897\u5927\u3084\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u524a\u6e1b\u306b\u5931\u6557\u3057\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u554f\u984c\u70b9\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5730\u4e0a\u8a2d\u5099\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u9ad8\u984d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002\uff08\u76d7\u96e3\u3084\u640d\u50b7\u3078\u306e\u5099\u3048\u3092\u542b\u3080\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5730\u57df\u3067\u306e\u63f4\u52a9\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3068\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u5730\u57df\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u300c\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u306a\u308b\u300d\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u9ad8\u984d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6559\u80b2\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u56fd\u3005\u306e\u6587\u5316\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7279\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3001\u5b66\u4f4d\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5730\u57df\u3067\u306e\u8a8d\u5b9a\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u308b\u7ba1\u7406\u3084\u904b\u55b6\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u904b\u7528\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u8ca0\u62c5\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u81ea\u4f53\u306e\u56f0\u96e3\u3055\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\u3001\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u306b\u4e00\u756a\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u6559\u6388\u306b\u3088\u308b\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u9ad8\u6821\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u6388\u696d\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u3067\u3082\u643a\u5e2f\u96fb\u8a71\u306f\u5e83\u304f\u666e\u53ca\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u5e2f\u57df\u5e45\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u72ed\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 YouTube \u306e\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u52d5\u753b\u3092\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b2\u7c73\u30c9\u30eb\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u4eba\u306e\uff11\u65e5\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u6240\u5f97\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\u52d5\u753b\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8b1b\u7fa9\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u304b\u3068\u5c0b\u306d\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3089\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u3060\u3068\u3057\u304b\u8a00\u3044\u3088\u3046\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MOOCs \u306f\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u3067\u306f\u7121\u76ca\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3080\u3057\u308d\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u304c\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u70b9\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>MOOCs \u304c\u4e16\u9593\u306e\u671f\u5f85\u306b\u5fdc\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u3084\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8\u30ca\u30fc\u3068\u5354\u529b\u3057\u5408\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u305f\u3068\u3048\u304a\u91d1\u304c\u304b\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5730\u57df\u3067\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u63f4\u52a9\u3092\u304d\u3061\u3093\u3068\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n<li>MOOCs \u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u30fb\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u30fb\u914d\u4fe1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u308b\u56fd\u3005\u306e\u6587\u5316\u7684\u30fb\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u8981\u4ef6\u306b\u9806\u5fdc\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3067\u3001\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u6559\u80b2\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306f MOOCs \u304c\u5e38\u306b\u958b\u653e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 Coursera \u3084 Udacity \u3067\u306f\u8a31\u8afe\u306a\u3057\u3067\u306e\u6559\u6750\u306e\u518d\u5229\u7528\u306b\u5236\u9650\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002edX \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u958b\u653e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u500b\u4eba\u3084\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u3054\u3068\u306b\u6559\u6750\u306e\u518d\u5229\u7528\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e MOOCs \u306f\uff11\u301c\uff12\u5e74\u9593\u3060\u3051\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u6d88\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081 MOOCs \u4e0a\u306e\u6559\u6750\u3092\u5225\u306e\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u3084\u5225\u306e\u5c02\u653b\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u4e0a\u3067\u518d\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u3001MOOCs \u306e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u306b\u306f\u7121\u6599\u3067\u53c2\u52a0\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001MOOCs \u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u5074\u306b\u306f\u76f8\u5f53\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u70b9\u306f 5.4.8 \u3067\u3055\u3089\u306b\u6398\u308a\u4e0b\u3052\u3066\u8ad6\u3058\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>5.4.3 MOOCs \u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u5229\u7528\u8005<\/h1>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2381263\">Ho et al. (2014) \u306e\u5831\u544a<\/a>\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30cf\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u3068 MIT \u306e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3089\u306f edX \u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u305f17\u306e MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3001\u5168\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306e66\uff05\u3001\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u3092\u5f97\u305f\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306e74\uff05\u304c\u5b66\u58eb\u53f7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u6709\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u300171\uff05\u306f\u7537\u6027\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u5e74\u9f62\u306f26\u6b73\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5831\u544a\u3068\u4ed6\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306e\u304b\u306a\u308a\u306e\u5272\u5408\uff0840\u301c60\uff05\uff09\u306f\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u56fd\u5916\u304b\u3089\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u306a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u3078\u306e\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30fb\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u306b\u5f37\u3044\u95a2\u5fc3\u304c\u5bc4\u305b\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30ba\u30fb\u30ab\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3089\u3067\u3042\u308b\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/files.eric.ed.gov\/fulltext\/ED547237.pdf\">Hollands and Tirthali (2014) \u306e\u5831\u544a<\/a>\u306f\u300cMOOC \u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u6d3b\u767a\u300d\u306a62\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b80\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>MOOC \u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u306f\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u306e\u4f55\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u3082\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u4f1a\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 MOOC \u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u3001\u65e2\u306b\u5341\u5206\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u305f\u308a\u3001\u88ab\u96c7\u7528\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u96c6\u4e2d\u3057\u3066\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3081\u308b\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u3054\u304f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u6307\u3057\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e MOOCs \u306f\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u300c\u5e73\u6c11\u7684\u306a\u3082\u306e\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u96e3\u304f\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3078\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u306e\u683c\u5dee\u306f\u89e3\u6d88\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u3080\u3057\u308d\u73fe\u72b6\u3067\u306f\u62e1\u5927\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>MOOCs \u3078\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u4eba\u3005\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u304c\u884c\u3046\u7d99\u7d9a\u7684\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u591a\u304f\u3068\u5171\u901a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u9ad8\u3044\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u3042\u308b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u5e74\u9f62\u306e\u3001\u96c7\u7528\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5c64\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>5.4.4 \u6301\u7d9a\u3068\u95a2\u4e0e<\/h1>\n<p>edX \u306e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3089 (Ho et al., 2014) \u306f edX \u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b17\u306e MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u306e\u95a2\u4e0e\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5831\u544a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u767b\u9332\u306e\u307f\uff1a<\/strong>\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u4e00\u5ea6\u3082\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u767b\u9332\u8005\uff0835\uff05\uff09<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u95b2\u89a7\u306e\u307f\uff1a<\/strong>\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u4fee\u4e86\u305b\u305a\u3001\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\u306e\u534a\u5206\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u95b2\u89a7\u3057\u305f\u3060\u3051\u306e\u767b\u9332\u8005\uff0856\uff05\uff09<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u307f\uff1a<\/strong>\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\u306e\u3046\u3061\u534a\u5206\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u306b\u306f\u5c4a\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u767b\u9332\u8005\uff08\uff14\uff05\uff09<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4fee\u4e86\uff1a<\/strong>\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u3092\u624b\u306b\u5165\u308c\u305f\u767b\u9332\u8005\uff08\uff15\uff05\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hill (2013) \u306f Coursera \u306e\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u3092\u6b21\u306e\uff15\u3064\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"26\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg 755w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-300x10.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-65x2.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-225x8.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-350x12.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_157\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-157\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-157 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/Hills-MOOC-participants-2-1024x751.jpg\" alt=\"\u56f35.4.4.1 Coursera\u8b1b\u5ea7\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\uff08\u00a9 Phil Hill, 2013\uff09\" width=\"1024\" height=\"751\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/Hills-MOOC-participants-2-1024x751.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/Hills-MOOC-participants-2-300x220.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/Hills-MOOC-participants-2-768x563.jpg 768w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/Hills-MOOC-participants-2-65x48.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/Hills-MOOC-participants-2-225x165.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/Hills-MOOC-participants-2-350x257.jpg 350w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/Hills-MOOC-participants-2.jpg 1263w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-157\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u56f35.4.4.1 Coursera \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a MOOCs \u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u51fa\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\uff08\u00a9 Phil Hill, 2013\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"13\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg 755w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-300x5.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-65x1.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-225x4.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-350x6.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Engle (2014) \u306f Cousera \u4e0a\u3067\u958b\u8b1b\u3057\u305f\u30d6\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u306e MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u3082\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u985e\u4f3c\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u4ed6\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u3082\u540c\u7a2e\u306e\u5831\u544a\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u767b\u9332\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3001\uff13\u5206\u306e\uff11\u304b\u3089\u534a\u6570\u306f\u4f55\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u3082\u884c\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\uff11\u3064\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3001\uff15\u301c10\uff05\u306e\u4eba\u306f\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u306e\u53d6\u5f97\u306b\u6210\u529f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\u3001\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u4eba\u306f\u767b\u9332\u8005\u306e\uff15\u301c10\uff05\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001MOOC \u306b\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u4e00\u5ea6\u306f\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u306e10\u301c20\uff05\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u6570\u306f\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306b\u5927\u304d\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002edX \u3067\u306f17\u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306743,000\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u30d6\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u306f\uff14\u3064\u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u30678,000\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\uff11\u3064\u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u306f2,000\u301c2,500\u4eba\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.merlot.org\/vol9no2\/milligan_0613.htm\">Milligan et al. (2013)<\/a>\u00a0\u306f 2,300\u4eba\u306e\u767b\u9332\u8005\u306e\u3046\u3061 cMOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u534a\u5206\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3092\u7d42\u3048\u305f29\u4eba\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3092\u884c\u306a\u3063\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3001cMOOCs \u306b\u3082\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u985e\u4f3c\u306e\u95a2\u4e0e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5831\u544a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53d7\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\uff1aMilligan \u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f MOOC \u3067\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u81ea\u4fe1\u3092\u5931\u3063\u3066\u3001\u3054\u304f\u307e\u308c\u306b\u3057\u304b\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3057\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u4eba\u3005\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u898b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051\u306e\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\uff1a\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u306f\u53c2\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u8ab2\u984c\u306b\u306f\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u3005\u3002\uff08\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306e\u7d04\u534a\u6570\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306a\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\uff1a\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u306b\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u3005\u3002\uff08\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306e\u7d04\u534a\u6570\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>MOOCs \u306f\u305d\u308c\u304c\u3069\u3046\u3044\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u5be9\u67fb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u4ed6\u306b\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u305b\u305a\u3001\u6709\u76ca\u306a\u3001\u516c\u7684\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u516c\u7684\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\uff08\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u30d2\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30fb\u30c1\u30e3\u30f3\u30cd\u30eb\uff09\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u3068\u3066\u3082\u3088\u304f\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8996\u8074\u8005\u306b\u30d2\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30fb\u30c1\u30e3\u30f3\u30cd\u30eb\u3067\u653e\u9001\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5168\u3066\u306e\u30a8\u30d4\u30bd\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u898b\u305b\u3001\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u8a66\u9a13\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3092\u671f\u5f85\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u306f\u8ab0\u3082\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002Ho et al. (p.13) \u306f xMOOCs \u3078\u306e\u95a2\u4e0e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3092\u6b21\u306e\u56f3\u3067\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"26\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg 755w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-300x10.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-65x2.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-225x8.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-350x12.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_157\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-157\" style=\"width: 457px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/10\/edX-participants-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-158\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/edX-participants-2.jpg\" alt=\"Ho et al., 2014\" width=\"457\" height=\"587\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/edX-participants-2.jpg 406w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/edX-participants-2-234x300.jpg 234w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/edX-participants-2-65x83.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/edX-participants-2-225x288.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 457px) 100vw, 457px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-157\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u56f35.4.4.2 MOOC \u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306e\u95a2\u4e0e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff08\u00a9\u00a0Ho et al., 2014\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"13\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg 755w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-300x5.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-65x1.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-225x4.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-350x6.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u30011985\u5e74\u306b\u79c1\u304c\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u306e\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u4e00\u7bc0\u3092\u5f15\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059 (Bates, 1985)\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>(p.99) \u30bf\u30de\u30cd\u30ae\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u306b\u6838\u3092\u306a\u3059\u3001\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306a\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u304c\u8b1b\u5ea7\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u771f\u5263\u306b\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u3001\u53d7\u9a13\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5834\u6240\u3067\u6700\u7d42\u8a55\u4fa1\u3084\u8a66\u9a13\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u6838\u306e\u5468\u56f2\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3044\u304f\u3076\u3093\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5c64\u3092\u306a\u3059\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u304c\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8a66\u9a13\u306f\u53d7\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u306e\u5730\u5143\u3067\u958b\u8b1b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6388\u696d\u3084\u901a\u4fe1\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u306f\u767b\u9332\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u3088\u308a\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u5c64\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u653e\u9001\u3092\u8996\u8074\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u4ed8\u5c5e\u306e\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u3092\u8cb7\u3044\u3082\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u6388\u696d\u306b\u306f\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6700\u3082\u5927\u304d\u306a\u96c6\u56e3\u306f\u5358\u306b\u653e\u9001\u3092\u8996\u8074\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u3053\u306e\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3055\u3048\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u4eba\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002\u307b\u307c\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u306b\u756a\u7d44\u3092\u8996\u8074\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u304b\u3089\u3001\uff08\u307e\u305f\u3082\u3084\u3053\u306e\u4eba\u6570\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u591a\u3044\u306e\u3060\u304c\uff09\u756a\u7d44\u3092\uff11\u56de\u3060\u3051\u8996\u8074\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u307e\u3067\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u3055\u3089\u306b\u79c1\u306f\u3053\u3046\u3082\u66f8\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f (p. 100)\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u7591\u3044\u6df1\u3044\u4eba\u306f\u3053\u3046\u8a00\u3046\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306b\u5b66\u3076\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u3001\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u52e4\u52c9\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u307f\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u8a66\u9a13\u3067\u512a\u7b49\u306a\u6210\u7e3e\u3092\u4fee\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3054\u304f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306a\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3068\u3002\uff08\u4e2d\u7565\uff09\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u53cd\u8ad6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u3082\u3057\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u305d\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u95a2\u5fc3\u3092\u5bc4\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3059\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u8208\u5473\u3092\u3082\u305f\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\u306f\u6210\u529f\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u6559\u6750\u306b\u89e6\u308c\u305f\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u6570\u306a\u306e\u3060\u3001\u3068\u3002\uff08\u4e2d\u7565\uff09\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3053\u3053\u3067\u554f\u3046\u3079\u304d\u306f\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\u304c\u3001\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u305d\u308c\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u8208\u5473\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306b\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u65bd\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u65e2\u306b\u5341\u5206\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306b\u5225\u306e\u6a5f\u4f1a\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u305f\u3060\u3051\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3060\u3002\uff08\u4e2d\u7565\uff09\u516c\u7684\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u6069\u6075\u3092\u6700\u5927\u9650\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u826f\u3044\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u3084\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u591a\u304f\u306e\u8a3c\u62e0\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5168\u304f\u540c\u3058\u3053\u3068\u304c MOOCs \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u77e5\u8b58\u57fa\u76e4\u578b\u7523\u696d\u3067\u50cd\u304f\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u6b20\u304b\u305b\u306a\u3044\u306e\u306f\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u77e5\u8b58\u306b\u7c21\u5358\u304b\u3064\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3001MOOCs \u306f\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8cb4\u91cd\u306a\u624b\u6bb5\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3053\u3053\u3067\u8ad6\u3058\u308b\u3079\u304d\u306f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306b\u540c\u3058\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u3001\u516c\u7684\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u306e\u7d99\u7d9a\u6027\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3001MOOCs \u306f\u6709\u76ca\u306a\u8ca2\u732e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u771f\u306b\u9769\u65b0\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u304c\u305f\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>5.4.5 \u5b66\u751f\u306f MOOCs \u3067\u4f55\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u306e\u304b<\/h1>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u306f\u7b54\u3048\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u8cea\u554f\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u3082\u30012014\u5e74\u73fe\u5728\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7591\u554f\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u3042\u307e\u308a\u306b\u3082\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7406\u7531\u306e\uff11\u3064\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u898b\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001MOOCs \u3067\u306e\u5b66\u3073\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b8b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\uff12\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b66\u3073\u306e\u91cf\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u91cf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3068\u3001MOOCs \u5185\u3067\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u5b9f\u4f53\u9a13\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5b66\u3073\u3092\u5f97\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3092\u63a2\u308b\u8cea\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u7a3f\u57f7\u7b46\u6642\u70b9\u3067 MOOCs \u306b\u3088\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u91cf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u6700\u3082\u76ee\u3092\u898b\u5f35\u308b\u3079\u304d\u306f\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.irrodl.org\/index.php\/irrodl\/article\/view\/1902\/3009\">Colvin et al. (2014)<\/a> \u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f MIT \u306e\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5165\u9580\u306e MOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u306e\u300c\u6982\u5ff5\u5b66\u7fd2\u300d\u304c\u8abf\u67fb\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u306e\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u5b9f\u7e3e\u3092\u3001\u7269\u7406\u3084\u6570\u5b66\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u4eba\u3005\u3068\u3001\u65e2\u306b\u5341\u5206\u306a\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7269\u7406\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4eba\u3005\u3068\u306e\u9593\u3067\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5f93\u6765\u578b\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u5185\u6388\u696d\u3067\u540c\u3058\u30ab\u30ea\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u53d7\u8b1b\u3057\u305f\u5b66\u751f\u305f\u3061\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u5b9f\u7e3e\u3068\u3082\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u3069\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306e\u9593\u3067\u3082\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u7fd2\u91cf\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u9055\u3044\u306f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5b66\u5185\u3067\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u5b66\u751f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u3001\u524d\u306e\u5b66\u671f\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3092\u4fee\u4e86\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u518d\u5c65\u4fee\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b66\u751f\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u304f\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u306f\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6bd4\u8f03\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u307b\u3069\u5927\u304d\u306a\u9055\u3044\u306f\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4ed6\u306b\u3082\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u5c5e\u6027\u304c\u9055\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u591a\u69d8\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u914d\u4fe1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u8b1b\u7fa9\u304b MOOC \u304b\uff09\u3068\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8981\u7d20\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u3053\u306e MOOC \u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u8003\u3048\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u305f\u8cea\u554f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u7b54\u3048\u3092\u51fa\u305b\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u306b\u91cd\u70b9\u3092\u7f6e\u3044\u305f\u3001\u884c\u52d5\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u301c\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u7fd2\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/part\/chapter-1-fundamental-change-in-education\/\">\u7b2c\uff11\u7ae0<\/a>\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u3001\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u80b2\u6210\u3092\u76ee\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MOOCs \u5185\u3067\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u5b9f\u4f53\u9a13\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u7279\u306b MOOCs \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 Kop (2011) \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u4f8b\u5916\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b MOOCs \u3067\u306f\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u76e3\u8996\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u3068\u7e4b\u304c\u3063\u305f\u308a\u56de\u7b54\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306b\u4efb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u3073\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u9ad8\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u80b2\u6210\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b MOOCs \u306e\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u6709\u52b9\u6027\u304b\u3089\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5f37\u3044\u6279\u5224\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6df1\u3044\u6982\u5ff5\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u884c\u3046\u306b\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8aa4\u89e3\u3084\u601d\u3044\u9055\u3044\u3092\u6b63\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306e\u7684\u78ba\u306a\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u3001\u8ad6\u62e0\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u3084\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u3055\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u3073\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u304c\u6e80\u305f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4ecb\u5165\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u6df1\u304f\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u3068\u6307\u5c0e\u306e\u6a5f\u4f1a\u3092\u8a2d\u3051\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3082\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059 (Harasim, 2013) \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6559\u54e1\u304b\u3089\u306e\u4ecb\u5165\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u898f\u6a21\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308b\u307b\u3069\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306f\u300c\u904e\u8ca0\u8377\u3001\u4e0d\u5b89\u3001\u55aa\u5931\u611f\u300d\u3092\u611f\u3058\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059 (Knox, 2014)\u3002Firmin et\u00a0al. (2014) \u304c\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u306b\u3088\u308b\u300c\u52b1\u307e\u3057\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u52aa\u529b\u3068\u95a2\u4e0e\u3078\u306e\u652f\u63f4\u300d\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5168\u54e1\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3001\u826f\u3044\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u7e4b\u304c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u304c\u884c\u3046\u3079\u304d\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u62c5\u308f\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3084\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306f\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306b\u7acb\u3061\u5411\u304b\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5354\u50cd\u7684\u30fb\u5354\u8abf\u7684\u306a\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u6210\u529f\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\uff08\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 Dillenbourg (1999) \u3084 Lave and Wenger (1991) \uff09\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u77e5\u898b\u306f\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b MOOCs \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u7ba1\u7406\u306b\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u6d3b\u304b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u8ad6\u306e\uff11\u3064\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082 cMOOCs \u3067\u306f\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u3084\u30b3\u30e9\u30dc\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u3073\u3068\u306f\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5f62\u614b\u306e\u5b66\u3073\u3092\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066 MOOCs \u306f\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u30cb\u30fc\u30ba\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7279\u306b\u6210\u4eba\u306e\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306f\u3001Downes and Siemens \u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306b\u3088\u308c\u3070\u3001\u9ad8\u3044\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u8eab\u306b\u3064\u3051\u308b\u624b\u7acb\u3066\u3092\u81ea\u5df1\u7ba1\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002MOOCs \u306f\u300c\u9700\u8981\u300d\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3053\u3068\u306b\u95a2\u5fc3\u3092\u6301\u3064\u4ed6\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u3084\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u652f\u63f4\u3057\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u3092\u63a2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u500b\u3005\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u95a2\u5fc3\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u4eba\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6df1\u3044\u6982\u5ff5\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u306f\u3053\u306e\u95a2\u5fc3\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u306a\u3044\u306e\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u304a\u305d\u3089\u304f\u305d\u3053\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3046\u307e\u304f\u6d3b\u304b\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6c17\u6301\u3061\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002MOOCs \u304c\u7279\u306b\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u65e2\u306b\u9ad8\u6c34\u6e96\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306e\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u5f0f\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u3067\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u3092 MOOC \u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u6642\u306b\u6301\u3061\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4e8b\u524d\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3084\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u4eba\u3005\u3078\u306e\u624b\u52a9\u3051\u306b\u3082\u8ca2\u732e\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6642\u9593\u306e\u7d4c\u904e\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u7d4c\u9a13\u304c\u84c4\u7a4d\u3055\u308c\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308a\u3001MOOCs \u306f\u5c0f\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u4f5c\u696d\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u77e5\u898b\u306e\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u3092\u3001\u5927\u4eba\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u4f5c\u696d\u306b\u3082\u53d6\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3001\u5fdc\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 MOOCs \u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u300c\u30dc\u30e9\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30a2\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b66\u7fd2\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u306e\u6307\u5c0e\u8005\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059 (Dillenbourg, 2014) \u3002\u7c73\u56fd\u56fd\u52d9\u7701\u306f MOOCs \u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u3092\u80b2\u6210\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u4f7f\u7bc0\u56e3\u3084\u9818\u4e8b\u9928\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066 MOOCs \u5408\u5bbf\u3092\u958b\u50ac\u3057\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5408\u5bbf\u306b\u306f\u30d5\u30eb\u30d6\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u5968\u5b66\u751f\u3084\u5927\u4f7f\u9928\u8077\u54e1\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6d77\u5916\u304b\u3089\u306e MOOC \u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3084\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7387\u5148\u3057\u305f\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u884c\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 (Haynie\u30012014) \u3002\u30d6\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30fb\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u306a\u3069\u4e00\u90e8\u306e MOOCs \u63d0\u4f9b\u6821\u3067\u306f\u6559\u80b2\u52a9\u624b\u306e\u5c0f\u96c6\u56e3\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001MOOCs \u4e0a\u306e\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e9\u30e0\u306b\u76ee\u3092\u914d\u308a\u3001\u8ca2\u732e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u624b\u5f53\u3092\u652f\u6255\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 (Engle, 2014) \u3002Engle\u306f\u3001\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3048\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u6559\u54e1\u305f\u3061\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4ecb\u5165\u306e\u4ed6\u306b\u6559\u80b2\u52a9\u624b\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u00a0UBC MOOCs \u306f\u3088\u308a\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30e9\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u3067\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u306a\u3082\u306e\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5831\u544a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u8ab0\u304b\u306b\u304a\u91d1\u3092\u652f\u6255\u3063\u3066 MOOCs \u3092\u5de1\u8996\u3084\u652f\u63f4\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3046\u306b\u306f\u5f53\u7136\u306a\u304c\u3089\u63d0\u4f9b\u6821\u3078\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u5897\u52a0\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u3001MOOCs \u3067\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3067\u306e\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306b\u7ba1\u7406\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u6280\u8853\u306e\u958b\u767a\u304c\u6b20\u304b\u305b\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u30a8\u30b8\u30f3\u30d0\u30e9\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u4e0a\u306e\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30fb\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u5de1\u56de\u3057\u3001\u652f\u63f4\u3084\u52b1\u307e\u3057\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5b66\u751f\u306b\u3001\u4e88\u3081\u7528\u610f\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u9001\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u81ea\u52d5\u300c\u6559\u54e1\u30dc\u30c3\u30c8\u300d\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 (Bayne, 2014) \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u624b\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u304c\u767a\u884c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u304c\u6210\u529f\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u9375\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5148\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u305d\u306e\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001\u307e\u3060\u5b66\u751f\u306b\u5099\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u6df1\u3044\u6982\u5ff5\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u5b9a\u7740\u3055\u305b\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u652f\u63f4\u3068\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3092 MOOCs \u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3084\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3053\u3068\u306f\u307e\u3060\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u80b2\u6210\u306f\u3001\u81a8\u5927\u306a\u6570\u306e\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u3092\u6271\u3046\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u305f\u3061\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b MOOCs \u304b\u3089\u4f55\u3092\u5b66\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u78ba\u56fa\u305f\u308b\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u51fa\u3059\u524d\u306b\u3001\u3082\u3063\u3068\u591a\u304f\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>5.4.6 \u8a55\u4fa1<\/h1>\n<p>MOOCs \u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u81a8\u5927\u306a\u6570\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u660e\u767d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u7c21\u5358\u306a\u8aac\u660e\u306b\u3068\u3069\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057<a href=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/chapter\/5-8-assessment-of-learning\/\">\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3A.8<\/a>\u3067\u306f\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u5206\u6790\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f Suen (2014) \u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306b MOOCs \u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u3067\u30d0\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u306e\u3068\u308c\u305f\u6982\u8981\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u672c\u7bc0\u306f Suen \u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u4f9d\u62e0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.6.1 \u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u3088\u308b\u63a1\u70b9\u8a55\u4fa1<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u4eca\u65e5\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e MOOCs \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\uff12\u7a2e\u985e\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \uff11\u3064\u76ee\u306f\u3001\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u306b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u591a\u80a2\u9078\u629e\u554f\u984c\u3084\u3001\u6570\u5f0f\u307e\u305f\u306f\u300c\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u300d\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3057\u3066\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3067\u304d\u308b\u56de\u7b54\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u3001\u53d7\u9a13\u8005\u306b\u306f\u63a1\u70b9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u56de\u7b54\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u30fb\u4e0d\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u3082\u306e\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3088\u308a\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u3082\u306e\u307e\u3067\u3001\u5373\u6642\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u304c\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5168\u3066\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3084\u516c\u7406\u3001\u516c\u5f0f\u3001\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u660e\u78ba\u3067\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u7b54\u3048\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u76f4\u63a5\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u3046\u307e\u304f\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u4e0a\u3067\u305f\u3060\u3061\u306b\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u306f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u30011970\u5e74\u4ee3\u3068\u3044\u3046\u304b\u306a\u308a\u4ee5\u524d\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u306e\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u591a\u80a2\u9078\u629e\u554f\u984c\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u52d5\u63a1\u70b9\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u6df1\u5c64\u7684\u307e\u305f\u306f\u300c\u5909\u5bb9\u7684\u300d\u306a\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u5341\u5206\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u96e3\u304f\u3001\u7279\u306b\u5275\u9020\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3084\u72ec\u5275\u7684\u601d\u8003\u306a\u3069\u3001\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u77e5\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u306f\u9069\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.6.2 \u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>MOOCs \u3067\u8a66\u307f\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff12\u756a\u76ee\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u3001\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u304c\u304a\u4e92\u3044\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3059\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u6cd5\u306f\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u306a\u6559\u5ba4\u3067\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u3084\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u6559\u80b2\u3067\u3046\u307e\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f (Falchikov and Goldfinch, 2000; van Zundert et al., 2010) \u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u304c\u4ed6\u8005\u306e\u6210\u679c\u7269\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u904e\u7a0b\u3092\u901a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6df1\u3044\u7406\u89e3\u3068\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3053\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u304c\u4ed6\u8005\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u6279\u5224\u7684\u601d\u8003\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u3092\u80b2\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3082\u5f79\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u304c\u3046\u307e\u304f\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u63a1\u70b9\u6307\u6a19\u3001\u30eb\u30fc\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\uff08\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6307\u793a\u66f8\u304d\uff09\u3001\u8a55\u4fa1\u57fa\u6e96\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u306b\u5bc6\u63a5\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u308a\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u5b9a\u3081\u305f\u63a1\u70b9\u6307\u6a19\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u306e\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u304c\u4fdd\u305f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u4fee\u6b63\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6559\u54e1\u306f MOOCs \u4e0a\u306b\u63a1\u70b9\u6307\u6a19\u3084\u30eb\u30fc\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3082\u591a\u6570\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u751f\u304c\u76f8\u624b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u7dbf\u5bc6\u306a\u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081 MOOC \u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306f\u3001\u6210\u679c\u7269\u3092\u300c\u516c\u6b63\u300d\u306b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3084\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5168\u304f\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u4ed6\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u751f\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7121\u4f5c\u70ba\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u8179\u3092\u7acb\u3066\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MOOCs \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5168\u63a1\u70b9\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5316\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8abf\u6574\u578b\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u3084\u30d9\u30a4\u30ba\u63a8\u5b9a\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb (Piech et al., 2013) \u306a\u3069\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u8a66\u307f\u304c\u53d6\u308a\u5165\u308c\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u306a\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u6e1b\u3089\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\uff08\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5897\u3084\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\uff09\u8a55\u4fa1\u8005\u306e\u601d\u3044\u9055\u3044\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u30df\u30b9\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3092\u89e3\u6c7a\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306b\u306f\u81f3\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u7279\u306b\u53d7\u8b1b\u751f\u306e\u5927\u534a\u304c MOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u5b66\u3076\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u5927\u304d\u306a\u554f\u984c\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306b\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u5165\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u76f2\u4eba\u304c\u76f2\u4eba\u306e\u624b\u3092\u5f15\u304f\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.6.3 \u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u306e\u81ea\u52d5\u63a1\u70b9<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u3082\u63a1\u70b9\u3092\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u3059\u308b\u6570\u3005\u306e\u8a66\u307f\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u5206\u91ce\u306e\uff11\u3064\u3067\u3059 (Balfour, 2013) \u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u306f\u5f90\u3005\u306b\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u304d\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u6587\u6cd5\u3084\u7db4\u308a\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u69cb\u6210\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3001\u4e3b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6280\u8853\u7684\u306a\u30e9\u30a4\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6b8b\u5ff5\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3082\u3001\u9ad8\u3044\u6c34\u6e96\u306e\u77e5\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u304c\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.6.4 \u96fb\u5b50\u30d0\u30c3\u30b8\u3068\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u7279\u306b xMOOCs \u3067\u306f\u3001\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u5230\u9054\u5ea6\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6700\u7d42\u8a66\u9a13\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u306f\u6a5f\u68b0\u63a1\u70b9\uff09\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306b\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u3084\u300c\u96fb\u5b50\u30d0\u30c3\u30b8\u300d\u304c\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3067\u8a8d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5b66\u4f4d\u6388\u4e0e\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u5b66\u9577\u304b\u3089\u6210\u308b\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u6559\u80b2\u8a55\u8b70\u4f1a (ACE) \u306f\u3001Coursera \u306e MOOCs \u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u3067\uff15\u3064\u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5358\u4f4d\u8a8d\u5b9a\u306e\u63a8\u85a6\u3092\u63d0\u8b70\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u5be9\u67fb\u306e\u8cac\u4efb\u8005 (Book, 2013) \u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8ff0\u3079\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>ACE \u8a2d\u7f6e\u8a8d\u53ef\u304c\u884c\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u65e2\u306b\u8a8d\u5b9a\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6a5f\u95a2\u304b\u3089\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a8d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5be9\u67fb\u306f\u5b66\u7fd2\u6210\u679c\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u306b\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u6210\u679c\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u6709\u52b9\u6027\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5168\u3066\u306e\u7591\u554f\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u4e0d\u554f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u904e\u304e\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5b9f\u969b\u3001MOOCs \u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u304c\u767a\u884c\u3057\u305f\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u3092\u5165\u5b66\u3084\u5b66\u5185\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a8d\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b MOOCs \u63d0\u4f9b\u6821\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u81ea\u4fe1\u304c\u6301\u3066\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u307b\u3069\u3001MOOCs \u3067\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u8cea\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u96c4\u5f01\u306b\u7269\u8a9e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.6.5 \u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u88cf\u5074\u306b\u3042\u308b\u610f\u56f3<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>MOOCs \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u306f\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u7570\u306a\u308b\u76ee\u7684\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/chapter\/5-8-assessment-of-learning\/\">\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3A.8<\/a>\u3092\u53c2\u7167\uff09\u76f8\u4e92\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068\u6a5f\u68b0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u52d5\u63a1\u70b9\u3067\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u5373\u6642\u7684\u306a\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u306f\u3001\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u6709\u76ca\u3067\u3059\u3002\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306f\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u304c\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u6df1\u3081\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3066\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001cMOOCs \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5b66\u3073\u306f Suen \u304c\u6307\u6458\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u9593\u3067\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u306f cMOOCs \u4e0a\u306e\u4ef2\u9593\u305f\u3061\u306e\u63a1\u70b9\u306b\u59d4\u306d\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a cMOOCs \u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u5168\u3066\u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u304c\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u3068\u4fe1\u3058\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3092\u8db3\u3057\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6b63\u5f0f\u306a\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u4e0d\u8981\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u5b66\u3093\u3060\u3053\u3068\u306f\u5fc5\u305a\u3057\u3082\u300c\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306b\u300d\u691c\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u77e5\u8b58\u306b\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u516c\u6b63\u3092\u671f\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u66f8\u304d\u6dfb\u3048\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u305d\u3082\u305d\u3082\u300c\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u6b63\u3057\u3055\u300d\u306f cMOOCs \u652f\u6301\u8005\u306e\u95a2\u5fc3\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b66\u696d\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u5b66\u529b\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\uff08\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u3078\u306e\u5165\u5b66\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3055\u3089\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u96c7\u7528\u6a5f\u4f1a\u3068\u6607\u9032\u306b\u3082\u5f71\u97ff\u3059\u308b\u4e00\u7a2e\u306e\u901a\u8ca8\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u8996\u70b9\u306b\u7acb\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306e\u901a\u8ca8\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8a8d\u5b9a\u304c\u6b63\u5f53\u304b\u5426\u304b\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u79fb\u8ee2\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u5426\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6b20\u304b\u305b\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d MOOCs \u306f\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u3084\u539f\u7406\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7406\u89e3\u3068\u77e5\u8b58\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\uff08\u3053\u308c\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3082\u4fa1\u5024\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\uff09\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u305f\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u6210\u679c\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306f\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002MOOCs \u304c\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6df1\u3044\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u77e5\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u958b\u767a\u3084\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u78ba\u304b\u306b\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f MOOCs \u3068\u4ed6\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u306e\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u3068\u3092\u5206\u304b\u3064\u7279\u5fb4\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3001\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5236\u7d04\u304c\u3042\u308b\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>5.4.7 \u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a<\/h1>\n<p>MOOCs \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u5bc4\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u671f\u5f85\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u3067\u3001 Hollands and Tirthali (2014) \u306f\u30d6\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u69cb\u7bc9\u3068\u7dad\u6301\u304c MOOCs \u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u4e0a\u3067\uff12\u756a\u76ee\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u7406\u7531\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff08\u6700\u3082\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u52e2\u529b\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u5e83\u3052\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3082\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u306a\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306e\u8a66\u307f\u3068\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\uff09MOOCs \u306e\u5229\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306f\u3001\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u30de\u30b5\u30c1\u30e5\u30fc\u30bb\u30c3\u30c4\u5de5\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u30cf\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u306a\u3069\u7cbe\u92ed\u304c\u96c6\u307e\u308b\u30a2\u30a4\u30d3\u30fc\u30fb\u30ea\u30fc\u30b0\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u304c\u5148\u5c0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u307b\u304b\u3001Coursera \u306f\u57fa\u76e4\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3078\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u300c\u30c8\u30c3\u30d7\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u300d\u306e\u307f\u306b\u5236\u9650\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002MOOCs \u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u305f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u306f\u3057\u3070\u3089\u304f\u306e\u9593\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u3078\u306e\u79fb\u884c\u3092\u898b\u9001\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5148\u9663\u7684\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002MOOCs \u306f\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u9045\u308c\u3066\u3084\u3063\u3066\u304d\u305f\u30a8\u30ea\u30fc\u30c8\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u300c\u5148\u99c6\u8005\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u884c\u5217\u306e\u5148\u982d\u306b\u4e00\u6c17\u306b\u30b8\u30e3\u30f3\u30d7\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u624b\u6bb5\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7279\u5b9a\u5206\u91ce\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u77e5\u8b58\u3092MOOCs \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u3088\u308a\u3082\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5e83\u3044\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u5411\u3051\u3066\u516c\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u7406\u306b\u304b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30a2\u30eb\u30d0\u30fc\u30bf\u5927\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6050\u7adc\u5b66\u3001MIT\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u5b50\u5de5\u5b66\u3001\u30cf\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u53e4\u4ee3\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30a2\u82f1\u96c4\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5b66\u7fd2\u3059\u308b MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u304c\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u9593\u9055\u3044\u306a\u304f MOOCs \u306f\u6559\u54e1\u500b\u3005\u4eba\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u306e\u8cea\u3092\u5e83\u3052\u308b\u306e\u306b\u6709\u7528\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u6559\u54e1\u306f\u751f\u6daf\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u4e2d\u3060\u3051\u3067\u6559\u3048\u308b\u3088\u308a\u3082 MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u306b\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u5c4a\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u559c\u3073\u3092\u899a\u3048\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066 MOOCs \u306f\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3084\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u8cea\u3092\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u3060\u3051\u898b\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u826f\u3044\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057 MOOCs \u304c\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3059\u3002Hollands and Tirthali \u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6307\u6458\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>MOOC \u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u6d3b\u52d5\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u304b\u3089\u5927\u304d\u306a\u6ce8\u76ee\u3092\u96c6\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u6c7a\u65ad\u304c\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306b\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u5207\u308a\u5206\u3051\u3066\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306f\u3001\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u30e1\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3001\u5b9a\u91cf\u5316\u3059\u308b\u304b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u59cb\u3081\u305f\u3070\u304b\u308a\u3060\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u3068\u308a\u308f\u3051\u4e0a\u4f4d\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306f\u3001\u65e2\u306b\u512a\u79c0\u306a\u5b66\u751f\u3092\u60f9\u304d\u3064\u3051\u308b\u9b45\u529b\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001\u6b63\u898f\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3078\u306e\u5fdc\u52df\u8005\u6570\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f MOOCs \u306f\u5fc5\u8981\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c MOOCs \u306e\u4fee\u4e86\u3092\u6b63\u8ab2\u306e\u5b66\u4f4d\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3078\u306e\u5165\u5b66\u306b\u8a8d\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4f8b\u306f\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u5168\u3066\u306e\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c MOOCs \u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u59cb\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3001\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306f\u6b21\u7b2c\u306b\u982d\u6253\u3061\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u3001\u30b8\u30e7\u30fc\u30b8\u30a2\u5de5\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u306e MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\uff11\u3064\u304c\u7a81\u7136\u7834\u7dbb\u3057\u305f\u6642\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b (Jaschik, 2013) \u3001\u8cea\u306e\u4f4e\u3044\u6559\u80b2\u3084\u6388\u696d\u8a08\u753b\u3092\u4f55\u5343\u4eba\u3082\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u516c\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u306b\u60aa\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u304a\u3088\u307c\u3059\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u6982\u3057\u3066\u3001\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e MOOCs \u306f\u4ed6\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u3084\u5e83\u5831\u6d3b\u52d5\u306e\u5229\u7528\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u8b58\u3084\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306a\u77e5\u898b\u3092\u5e83\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u70b9\u3067\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u306e\u8a55\u5224\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6210\u529f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>5.4.8 \u8cbb\u7528\u3068\u7d4c\u6e08\u898f\u6a21<\/h1>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"26\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg 755w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-300x10.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-65x2.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-225x8.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-350x12.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_157\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-157\" style=\"width: 740px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2014\/11\/Fixed-and-variable-costs-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-159\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Fixed-and-variable-costs-2.jpg\" alt=\"The MOOC value proposition is that MOOCs can eliminate the variable costs of course delivery. Image: \u00a9 OpenTuition.com, 2014\" width=\"740\" height=\"393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Fixed-and-variable-costs-2.jpg 607w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Fixed-and-variable-costs-2-300x159.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Fixed-and-variable-costs-2-65x34.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Fixed-and-variable-costs-2-225x119.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Fixed-and-variable-costs-2-350x186.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-157\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u56f35.4.8 MOOCs \u306e\u4fa1\u5024\u304c\u793a\u3059\u554f\u984c\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8b1b\u5ea7\u914d\u4fe1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u5909\u52d5\u8cbb\u3092\u7121\u304f\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u3059\u3002\uff08\u00a9 OpenTuition.com, 2014\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"13\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg 755w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-300x5.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-65x1.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-225x4.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-350x6.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>MOOCs \u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u5f37\u307f\u306e\uff11\u3064\u306f\u3001\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u304c\u7121\u6599\u3067 MOOCs \u3092\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u306f\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u306b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u539f\u7406\u7684\u306b\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u3082 MOOCs \u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u5074\u306f\u3001\u7279\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u6599\u91d1\u3092\u8acb\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3082\u826f\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066 MOOCs \u306f\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306b\u306f\u7121\u6599\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u5074\u306b\u306f\u304b\u306a\u308a\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f xMOOCs \u3068 cMOOCs \u3068\u3067\u306f\u8cbb\u7528\u306b\u306f\u5927\u304d\u306a\u9055\u3044\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f8c\u8005\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5b89\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305f\u3068\u3048 cMOOCs \u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3084\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u304b\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MOOCs \u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u73fe\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u306f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u51fa\u305b\u308b\u5341\u5206\u306a\u4e8b\u4f8b\u304c\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001MOOCs \u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u3068\u63d0\u4f9b\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306a\u3089\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30aa\u30bf\u30ef\u5927\u5b66 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uottawa.ca\/vice-president-academic\/sites\/www.uottawa.ca.vice-president-academic\/files\/e-learning-working-group-report.pdf\">University of Ottawa, 2013<\/a>) \u306f\u3001Coursera \u304c\u5927\u5b66\u306b\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u305f\u6570\u5b57\u3068\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u958b\u767a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u77e5\u898b\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3001xMOOCs \u306e\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u7d0410\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\u3068\u898b\u7a4d\u3082\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/flexible-learning2015.sites.olt.ubc.ca\/files\/2015\/02\/MOOC-Report.pdf\">Engle (2014)<\/a> \u306f\u3001\u30d6\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30fb\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\uff15\u3064\u306e MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5831\u544a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff08\u5b9f\u306f UBC MOOCs \u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u6570\u306f\uff14\u3064\u3060\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306e\uff11\u3064\u304c\uff12\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u5206\u5272\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\uff09UBC MOOCs \u306b\u306f\u3001\u4ed6\u306e MOOCs \u306b\u306f\u5fc5\u305a\u3057\u3082\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u307e\u3089\u306a\u3044\uff12\u3064\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u7279\u5fb4\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001UBC MOOCs \u306f\u30b9\u30bf\u30b8\u30aa\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u672c\u683c\u7684\u306a\u5236\u4f5c\u74b0\u5883\u304b\u3089\u30c7\u30b9\u30af\u30c8\u30c3\u30d7\u9332\u753b\u307e\u3067\u3001\u591a\u7a2e\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u52d5\u753b\u5236\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u52d5\u753b\u5236\u4f5c\u6280\u8853\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3055\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u304b\u306a\u308a\u7570\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001UBC MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u4e0a\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306b\u76ee\u3092\u914d\u308a\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u6388\u696d\u6559\u6750\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5909\u66f4\u3059\u308b\u6709\u7d66\u306e\u5b66\u8853\u52a9\u624b\u3092\u591a\u7528\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u304b\u306a\u308a\u306e\u914d\u4fe1\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>UBC \u5831\u544a\u66f8\u306e\u4ed8\u9332\uff22\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u8a66\u7b97\u3068\u3057\u3066 217,657 \u30c9\u30eb\u3068\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u652f\u63f4\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u304a\u305d\u3089\u304f\u6700\u3082\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8cbb\u7528\u3067\u3042\u308b\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u6642\u9593\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u9664\u5916\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b66\u7fd2\u652f\u63f4\u306f\u521d\u5e74\u5ea6\u306e\u7dcf\u8cbb\u7528\u306e 25\uff05 \u306b\u9054\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff08\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u9664\u304f\uff09\u3002\u5831\u544a\u66f8\u306e\u56f3\uff11\u306e\u52d5\u753b\u6559\u6750\u5236\u4f5c\u8cbb\uff0895,350\u30c9\u30eb\uff09\u3068\u52d5\u753b\u6559\u6750\u5236\u4f5c\u306b\u8cbb\u3084\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8cbb\u7528\u306e\u5272\u5408\uff0844\uff05\uff09\u304b\u3089\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3068\u904b\u55b6\u8cbb\u7528\uff08\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u7ba1\u7406\u3084\u8af8\u7d4c\u8cbb\uff09\u3092\u9664\u3044\u305f\u76f4\u63a5\u7d4c\u8cbb\u306f 216,700\u30c9\u30eb\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a MOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\uff11\u3064\u3042\u305f\u308a\u3001\u6709\u7d66\u306e\u5b66\u8853\u52a9\u624b\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3082\u542b\u3081\u3001\u7d04 54,000\u30c9\u30eb\u3068\u63a8\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001\u8cbb\u7528\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3082\u540c\u3058\u304f\u3089\u3044\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u306b\u30b9\u30bf\u30b8\u30aa\u5236\u4f5c\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f MOOCs \u306e\u52d5\u753b\u5236\u4f5c\u8cbb\u306f\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\uff11\u3064\u306e MOOC \u306e\u52d5\u753b\u5236\u4f5c\u8cbb\u306e\uff16\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u3057\u305f\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u8b1b\u5ea7\u304a\u3088\u3073\u9060\u9694\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e3b\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u8981\u56e0\u3084\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u8981\u7d20\u306f\u3001Rumble (2001) \u304a\u3088\u3073 H\u00fclsmann (2003) \u306b\u3088\u308b\u5148\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u304b\u3089\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u79c1\u306f\u540c\u69d8\u306e\u539f\u4fa1\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30d6\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30fb\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u4fee\u58eb\u8ab2\u7a0b\u306e\uff17\u5e74\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u3001\u5206\u6790\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f (Bates and Sangr\u00e0, 2011) \u3002\u3053\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u5b66\u7fd2\u7ba1\u7406\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u306a\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u958b\u767a\u3057\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u4e0a\u3067\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3068\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u305f\u307b\u304b\u3001\u767b\u9332\u8005\u6570\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306f\u8ffd\u52a0\u3067\u88dc\u52a9\u6559\u54e1\u304b\u3089\u306e\u52a9\u3051\u3092\u5f97\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79c1\u304cUBC\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\u30012003\u5e74\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\uff11\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3042\u305f\u308a\u7d04\uff12\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\u304b\u3089\uff12\u4e07\uff15\u5343\u30c9\u30eb\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\uff17\u5e74\u9593\u304b\u304b\u3063\u305f\u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u5168\u4f53\u306e15\uff05\u672a\u6e80\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u3053\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\uff11\u5e74\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u6642\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3068\u5b66\u751f\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u3092\u542b\u3080\u914d\u4fe1\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u5408\u8a08\u306e\uff13\u5206\u306e\uff11\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u5360\u3081\u3001\u5f53\u7136\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u304c\u8b1b\u5ea7\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5e74\u3054\u3068\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u306e\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u3067\u306f\u3001\u914d\u4fe1\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u304c\u5b58\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u671f\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u306e\uff12\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u306a\u308b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MOOCs \u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u306e\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u6388\u696d\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u9055\u3044\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3084\u6559\u54e1\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a55\u4fa1\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u306e\u3067\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u4e0a\u306f\u305d\u3046\u3067\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5168\u3066\u306e\u914d\u4fe1\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u524a\u6e1b\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>xMOOCs \u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u306b\u306f\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u591a\u5927\u306a\u6a5f\u4f1a\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u5f53\u7136\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u306b\u969b\u3057\u3066\u306f\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u304f\u8a55\u4fa1\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u95a2\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u6388\u696d\u8ca0\u62c5\u306f\u6700\u5927\u3067\u3082\u5e74\u9593\uff14\u301c\uff16\u79d1\u76ee\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u6559\u54e1\u306f MOOCs \u306b\u7121\u511f\u3067\u95a2\u308f\u3063\u3066\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u6642\u9593\u306f\u6709\u9650\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3001\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\uff11\u5b66\u671f\u5206\u306e\u6388\u696d\u8ca0\u62c5\u306e\uff11\u79d1\u76ee\u5206\uff08\u6388\u696d\u8ca0\u62c5\u306e25\uff05\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\uff09\u3092\u5272\u3044\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u8cbb\u3084\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6642\u9593\u304c xMOOCs \u306e\u958b\u767a\u3068\u914d\u4fe1\u306b\u596a\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\uff15\u301c\uff17\u5e74\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306f\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u6388\u696d\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u306f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e00\u5ea6\u304b\u4e8c\u5ea6\u3057\u304b\u958b\u8b1b\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057 xMOOCs \u306e\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u62c5\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u6642\u9593\u5206\u3092\u9664\u5916\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u52d5\u753b\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u7ba1\u7406\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\uff08LMS\uff09\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u6388\u696d\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u7528\u306e\u307b\u307c\uff12\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6559\u54e1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3068\u308a\u308f\u3051\u6559\u54e1\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a MOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u516c\u958b\u3059\u308b\u6388\u696d\u5b9f\u8df5\u306b\u8cbb\u3084\u3059\u4f59\u8a08\u306a\u6642\u9593\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u52d5\u753b\u64ae\u5f71\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30ea\u30cf\u30fc\u30b5\u30eb\u306e\u6642\u9593\u306a\u3069\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001xMOOCs \u306e\u88fd\u4f5c\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u540c\u3058\u9577\u3055\u306e\u6388\u696d\u6642\u9593\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u6388\u696d\u3068\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u3068\uff13\u500d\u8fd1\u304f\u306b\u3082\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002xMOOCs \u3067\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u914d\u4fe1\u306b\u306f\u52d5\u753b\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b LMS \u306a\u3069\u306e\u5b89\u4fa1\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u306e\u5229\u7528\u3084\u3001\u8b1b\u7fa9\u9332\u753b\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u6559\u5ba4\u8b1b\u7fa9\u306e\u52d5\u753b\u3092\u518d\u7de8\u96c6\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3057\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u3046\u306f\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3084\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u652f\u63f4\u3092\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001MOOCs \u306e\u914d\u4fe1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u30bc\u30ed\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u3053\u306b\u7bc0\u7d04\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\uff11\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5358\u4fa1\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u4f4e\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u660e\u66f8\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u5b66\u751f\uff11\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3067\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5927\u5b66\u5185\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3067\u512a\u7b49\u306a\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3088\u308a\u3082\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5b89\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306b\u7d0410\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\u304b\u304b\u308a\u30015,000\u4eba\u306e\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u304c\u4fee\u4e86\u8a3c\u660e\u66f8\u3092\u624b\u306b\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5b66\u751f\uff11\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u8cbb\u7528\u306f20\u30c9\u30eb\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 MOOC \u306e\u53d7\u8b1b\u751f\u3068\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u4fee\u58eb\u8ab2\u7a0b\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u3067\u306f\u540c\u3058\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3068\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5f53\u7136\u306e\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3053\u3068\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u554f\u984c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f MOOCs \u304c\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3082\u4eba\u9593\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u3082\u306a\u304f\u6210\u529f\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u8cea\u3092\u640d\u306a\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001MOOCs \u306b\u3088\u308b\u300c\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u300d\u3067\u6559\u80b2\u914d\u4fe1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u524a\u6e1b\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3001\u9ad8\u6b21\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u80fd\u529b\u3068\u300c\u6df1\u3044\u300d\u77e5\u8b58\u3068\u3044\u3046\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u3067\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a3c\u62e0\u306f\u4f55\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u6e2c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u3092\u6e96\u5099\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u306f\u4eba\u9593\u306b\u3088\u308b\u63a1\u70b9\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u3046\u307e\u304f\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u5148\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306a\u53c2\u52a0\u304c\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u6210\u529f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8981\u7d20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3068\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f MOOCs \u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u4f9d\u7136\u3001\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002MOOCs \u306f\u3042\u308b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u6559\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306b\u306f\u826f\u3044\u65b9\u6cd5\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u6559\u3048\u308b\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u9045\u304b\u308c\u65e9\u304b\u308c\u5927\u304d\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u4e0a\u306e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u3076\u3064\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6b8b\u5ff5\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001MOOCs \u3067\u6559\u3048\u308b\u306e\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u306e\u306f\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u3067\u6700\u3082\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6301\u7d9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u3001\u79c1\u7acb\u8ca1\u56e3\u304b\u3089\u306e\u591a\u984d\u306e\u5bc4\u4ed8\u3084\u57fa\u91d1\u304b\u3089\u652f\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u512a\u79c0\u306a\u5927\u5b66\u306f xMOOCs \u306b\u79fb\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u3067\u306f\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5f62\u3067\u306e\u8cc7\u91d1\u8abf\u9054\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3059\u3002Coursera \u3068 Udacity \u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u306f MOOCs \u63d0\u4f9b\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u5229\u7528\u6599\u3092\u8ab2\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u30d0\u30c3\u30b8\u3084\u8a3c\u660e\u66f8\u306e\u767a\u884c\u306b\u8ab2\u91d1\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8ca9\u58f2\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u304b\u3089\u30b9\u30dd\u30f3\u30b5\u30fc\u6599\u3092\u96c6\u3081\u305f\u308a\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u5e83\u544a\u3092\u63b2\u8f09\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u306a\u3069\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u5165\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6210\u529f\u3059\u308b\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u5275\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u6a5f\u4f1a\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u7279\u306b\u516c\u7acb\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u53ce\u5165\u6e90\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u8a31\u53ef\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u305f\u3068\u3048 MOOCs \u3067\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u7d20\u6750\u3092\u5b66\u5185\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3067\u518d\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3082\u3001MOOCs \u3078\u306e\u591a\u984d\u306e\u6295\u8cc7\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u56de\u53ce\u3059\u308c\u3070\u826f\u3044\u304b\u3001\u898b\u901a\u3057\u306f\u4e0d\u660e\u3067\u3059\u3002MOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3073\u306b\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5358\u4f4d\u53d6\u5f97\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306b\u56de\u305b\u308b\u52b4\u529b\u3084\u8cc7\u91d1\u304c\u596a\u308f\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306f\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8cc7\u91d1\u3092\u3069\u3053\u306b\u6295\u8cc7\u3059\u308b\u304b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u6c7a\u65ad\u3092\u8feb\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002MOOC \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u9996\u5c3e\u3088\u304f\u4fee\u4e86\u3067\u304d\u305f\u6642\u306b\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u4f55\u3089\u304b\u306e\u9069\u5207\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u9650\u308a\u3001\u4e4f\u3057\u3044\u8cc7\u91d1\u3092 MOOCs \u306b\u6295\u3058\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6c7a\u65ad\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>5.4.9 MOOCs \u306e\u9577\u6240\u3068\u77ed\u6240\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h1>\n<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u3067\u5206\u6790\u3057\u305f MOOCs \u306e\u9577\u6240\u3068\u77ed\u6240\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8981\u70b9\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.9.1 \u9577\u6240<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>MOOCs\u3001\u7279\u306b xMOOCs \u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u63a5\u7d9a\u3092\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u8ab0\u306b\u3067\u3082\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u9ad8\u5cf0\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u304b\u3089\u826f\u8cea\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u3092\u7121\u6599\u3067\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u7279\u306b\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u3078\u306e\u9053\u3092\u958b\u304f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u6210\u529f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u304b\u306a\u308a\u306e\u73fe\u5730\u9069\u5fdc\u3068\u3001\u5730\u57df\u306b\u3088\u308b\u652f\u63f4\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u643a\u6821\u3078\u306e\u591a\u984d\u306e\u6295\u8cc7\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u3084\u3001\u95a2\u5fc3\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u751f\u6daf\u5b66\u7fd2\u3084\u7d99\u7d9a\u7684\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u3042\u308b\u5f62\u614b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u5f93\u6765\u578b\u306e\u3001\u7279\u306b\u512a\u79c0\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30fb\u30e9\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u6226\u7565\u3092\u518d\u691c\u8a0e\u305b\u3056\u308b\u3092\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u8ffd\u3044\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5b66\u554f\u5206\u91ce\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5c02\u9580\u6027\u3068\u5353\u8d8a\u6027\u3092\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u30d6\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u3068\u5730\u4f4d\u3092\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>MOOCs \u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u4fa1\u5024\u63d0\u6848\u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u3084\u53d7\u8b1b\u751f\u540c\u58eb\u306e\u3084\u308a\u53d6\u308a\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u3078\u306e\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3084\u8cea\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5909\u52d5\u8cbb\u3092\u524a\u6e1b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>5.4.9.2 \u77ed\u6240<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>MOOCs \u306e\u767b\u9332\u8005\u6570\u304c\u81a8\u5927\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u8aa4\u89e3\u3092\u62db\u304f\u6050\u308c\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u767b\u9332\u8005\u306e\u534a\u6570\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u3057\u304b\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306a\u5272\u5408\u3057\u304b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u4fee\u4e86\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u73fe\u5b9f\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u767b\u9332\u8005\u6570\u306f\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3088\u308a\u3082\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u591a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>MOOCs \u306e\u958b\u767a\u306f\u9ad8\u4fa1\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001MOOCs \u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u55b6\u5229\u7d44\u7e54\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6301\u7d9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u5275\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u6a5f\u4f1a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u516c\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6301\u7d9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066 MOOCs \u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u958b\u767a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3092\u4e88\u898b\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u62e1\u5927\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u65e2\u306b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306b\u6b53\u8fce\u3055\u308c\u308b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d MOOCs \u306f\u3001\u9ad8\u3044\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u5b66\u7fd2\u3084\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u57fa\u76e4\u578b\u793e\u4f1a\u3067\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u9ad8\u3044\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u306e\u77e5\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u306e\u80b2\u6210\u306b\u306f\u9650\u754c\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u304f\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3001\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u3044\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u7d42\u3048\u305f\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4fe1\u983c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8ab2\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b8b\u308a\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/li>\n<li>MOOCs \u306e\u6559\u6750\u3092\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u306a\u6559\u80b2\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u518d\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8457\u4f5c\u6a29\u3084\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7406\u7531\u306b\u3088\u308a\u9650\u754c\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-info\">\n<h3>\u30a2\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d3\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc 5.4\u00a0MOOCs \u306e\u9577\u6240\u3068\u77ed\u6240\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u304c\u5358\u306b\u653e\u9001\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u5225\u5f62\u614b\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u70b9\u306b\u540c\u610f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7406\u7531\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>xMOOCs \u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3068\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u8a8d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u6388\u696d\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u4e21\u8005\u306f\u540c\u3058\u8cc7\u91d1\u3092\u3081\u3050\u3063\u3066\u7af6\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u8cc7\u91d1\u3084\u76ee\u6a19\u306f\u5168\u304f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u3082\u3057\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u70b9\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>cMOOCs \u306f xMOOCs \u3088\u308a\u3082\u512a\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u306b\u306f\u9055\u3044\u3059\u304e\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u304d\u3061\u3093\u3068\u4fee\u4e86\u3057\u305f\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\uff11\u4eba\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u3067\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001MOOCs \u306f\u5bfe\u9762\u5f0f\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u8a8d\u5b9a\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u3088\u308a\u3082\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u5b89\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u516c\u5e73\u306a\u6bd4\u8f03\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u516c\u5e73\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u306a\u305c\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>MOOCs \u8b1b\u5ea7\u3092\u304d\u3061\u3093\u3068\u4fee\u4e86\u3057\u305f\u5b66\u751f\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306f\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u3082\u3057\u305d\u3046\u306a\u3089\u3001\u306a\u305c\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3053\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h1>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h1>\n<p>Balfour, S. P. (2013)\u00a0<a style=\"font-style: italic\" href=\"https:\/\/pdfs.semanticscholar.org\/2c03\/81a33a503179eaa74630576cc7be5dc23eb4.pdf\">Assessing writing in MOOCs: Automated essay scoring and calibrated peer review<\/a>\u00a0<em>Research &amp; Practice in Assessment, <\/em>Vol. 8.<\/p>\n<p>Bates, A. (1985) <em>Broadcasting in Education: An Evaluation<\/em> London: Constables<\/p>\n<p>Bates, A. and Sangr\u00e0, A. (2011) <em>Managing Technology in Higher Education<\/em> San Francisco: Jossey-Bass\/John Wiley and Co<\/p>\n<p>Bayne, S. (2014) <em>Teaching, Research and the More-than-Human in Digital Education<\/em>\u00a0Oxford UK:\u00a0EDEN Research Workshop (keynote: no printed record available)<\/p>\n<p>Book, P. (2103)\u00a0<em>ACE as Academic Credit Reviewer\u2013Adjustment, Accommodation, and Acceptance<\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/wcetblog.wordpress.com\/2013\/07\/25\/ace-review-moocs-for-credit\/\">WCET Learn<\/a>, July 25<\/p>\n<p>Colvin, K. et al. (2014) <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tonybates.ca\/2014\/10\/19\/what-students-learned-from-an-mit-physics-mooc\/#sthash.zqWeKuRA.dpuf\">Learning an Introductory Physics MOOC: All Cohorts Learn Equally, Including On-Campus Class<\/a><\/em>, IRRODL, Vol. 15, No. 4<\/p>\n<p>Dillenbourg, P. (ed.) (1999)\u00a0<em>Collaborative-learning: Cognitive and Computational Approaches<\/em>. Oxford: Elsevier<\/p>\n<p>Dillenbourg, P. (2014) <em>MOOCs: Two Years Later<\/em>, Oxford UK:\u00a0EDEN Research Workshop\u00a0(keynote: no printed record available)<\/p>\n<p>Engle, W. (2104) <a href=\"http:\/\/flexible-learning2015.sites.olt.ubc.ca\/files\/2015\/02\/MOOC-Report.pdf\"><em>UBC MOOC Pilot: Design and Delivery<\/em><\/a> Vancouver BC: University of British Columbia<\/p>\n<p>Falchikov, N. and Goldfinch, J. (2000) <em>Student Peer Assessment in Higher Education: A Meta-Analysis Comparing Peer and Teacher Marks<\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/rer.sagepub.com\/content\/70\/3\/287.short\">Review of Educational Research<\/a>, Vol. 70, No. 3<\/p>\n<p>Firmin, R. et al. (2014) Case study: using MOOCs for conventional college coursework\u00a0<em>Distance Education<\/em>, Vol. 35, No. 2<\/p>\n<p>Harasim, L. (2012)\u00a0<em>Learning Theory and Online Technologies<\/em>\u00a0New York\/London: Routledge<\/p>\n<p>Haynie, D. (2014). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usnews.com\/education\/online-education\/articles\/2014\/01\/20\/state-department-hosts-mooc-camp-for-online-learners-abroad\">State Department hosts &#8216;MOOC Camp&#8217; for online learners<\/a>. US News,January 20<\/p>\n<p>Hill, P. (2013) <a href=\"http:\/\/mfeldstein.com\/validation-mooc-student-patterns-graphic\/\">Some validation of MOOC student patterns graphic<\/a>, e-Literate, August 30<\/p>\n<p>Ho, A. et al. (2014)\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2381263\">HarvardX and MITx: The First Year of Open Online Courses Fall 2012-Summer 2013\u00a0<\/a>(HarvardX and MITx Working Paper No. 1), January 21<\/p>\n<p>Hollands, F. and Tirthali, D. (2014) <a href=\"https:\/\/files.eric.ed.gov\/fulltext\/ED547237.pdf\">MOOCs: Expectations and Reality<\/a> New York: Columbia University Teachers\u2019 College, Center for Benefit-Cost Studies of Education<\/p>\n<p>H\u00fclsmann, T. (2003) Costs without camouflage: a cost analysis of Oldenburg University&#8217;s \u00a0two graduate certificate programs offered \u00a0as part of the online Master of Distance Education (MDE): a case study, in Bernath, U. and Rubin, E., (eds.) <em>Reflections on Teaching in an Online Program: A Case Study<\/em> Oldenburg, Germany: Bibliothecks-und Informationssystem der Carl von Ossietsky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg<\/p>\n<p>Jaschik, S. (2013) MOOC Mess, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.insidehighered.com\/news\/2013\/02\/04\/coursera-forced-call-mooc-amid-complaints-about-course\">Inside Higher Education<\/a>, February 4<\/p>\n<p>Knox, J. (2014) Digital culture clash: &#8216;massive&#8217; education in the e-Learning and Digital Cultures\u00a0<em>Distance Education<\/em>, Vol. 35, No. 2<\/p>\n<p class=\"a-size-large a-spacing-none\">Kop, R. (2011) The Challenges to Connectivist Learning on Open Online Networks: Learning Experiences during a Massive Open Online Course\u00a0<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.irrodl.org\/index.php\/irrodl\/article\/view\/882\/1823\">International\u00a0Review of Research into Open and Distance Learning<\/a><\/em>, Vol. 12, No. 3<\/p>\n<p class=\"a-size-large a-spacing-none\">Lave, J. and<span style=\"color: #252525\">\u00a0<\/span>Wenger, E.<span style=\"color: #252525\">\u00a0(1991).\u00a0<\/span><a class=\"external text\" style=\"color: #663366\" href=\"http:\/\/books.google.com\/?id=CAVIOrW3vYAC\" rel=\"nofollow\"><i>Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation<\/i><\/a><span style=\"color: #252525\">. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Milligan, C., Littlejohn, A. and Margaryan, A. (2013) Patterns of engagement in connectivist MOOCs, <em><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.merlot.org\/vol9no2\/milligan_0613.htm\">Merlot Journal of Online Learning and Teaching<\/a><\/em>, Vol. 9, No. 2<\/p>\n<p>Piech, C., Huang, J., Chen, Z., Do, C., Ng, A., &amp; Koller, D. (2013)\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.stanford.edu\/~cpiech\/bio\/papers\/tuningPeerGrading.pdf\"><em>Tuned models of peer assessment in MOOCs<\/em><\/a>. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University<\/p>\n<p>Rumble, G. (2001) The costs and costing of networked learning, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.c3l.uni-oldenburg.de\/cde\/media\/readings\/rumb01d.pdf\">Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks<\/a>, Vol. 5, No. 2<\/p>\n<p class=\"a-size-large a-spacing-none\">Suen, H. (2104) <em>Peer assessment for massive open online courses (MOOCs) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.irrodl.org\/index.php\/irrodl\/article\/view\/1680\/2904\">International\u00a0Review of Research into Open and Distance Learning<\/a><\/em>, Vol. 15, No. 3<\/p>\n<p class=\"a-size-large a-spacing-none\">University of Ottawa (2013) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uottawa.ca\/vice-president-academic\/sites\/www.uottawa.ca.vice-president-academic\/files\/e-learning-working-group-report.pdf\">Report of the e-Learning Working Group<\/a> Ottawa ON: The University of Ottawa<\/p>\n<p class=\"a-size-large a-spacing-none\">van Zundert, M., Sluijsmans, D., van Merri\u00ebnboer, J. (2010). 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