{"id":230,"date":"2015-01-07T16:13:21","date_gmt":"2015-01-07T16:13:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/chapter\/9-4-the-sections-model-cost\/"},"modified":"2023-05-11T10:52:44","modified_gmt":"2023-05-11T10:52:44","slug":"9-4-the-sections-model-cost","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/chapter\/9-4-the-sections-model-cost\/","title":{"raw":"8.4 \u30b3\u30b9\u30c8","rendered":"8.4 \u30b3\u30b9\u30c8"},"content":{"raw":"<h2><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"26\"><\/a><\/h2>\n[caption id=\"attachment_28\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"460\"]<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/03\/MET-costs-2.jpg\"><img class=\" wp-image-228\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/MET-costs-2.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 8.4.1 Total cost of a fully online masters' course over 7 years (from Bates and Sangr\u00e0, 2011)\" width=\"460\" height=\"325\"><\/a> <span style=\"background-color: #ffffff\">\u56f38.4.1 :\u00a0 \uff17\u5e74\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u4fee\u58eb\u8ab2\u7a0b\u306e\u7dcf\u8cbb\u7528 (Bates and Sangr\u00e0, 2011\u3088\u308a)<\/span>[\/caption]\n\n<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"13\"><\/a>\n<h1>8.4.1 \u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u9769\u547d<\/h1>\n\u307b\u3093\u306e10\u5e74\u307b\u3069\u524d\u307e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u306e\u9078\u629e\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u5dee\u5225\u5316\u8981\u56e0\u3067\u3057\u305f (H\u00fclsmann, 2000, 2003; Rumble, 2001; Bates, 2005)\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u7684\u3067\u306f\u3001\u97f3\u58f0\uff08\u8b1b\u7fa9\u3001\u30e9\u30b8\u30aa\u3001\u9332\u97f3\uff09\u306f\u5370\u5237\u7269\u3088\u308a\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5b89\u304f\u3001\u5370\u5237\u7269\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u3088\u308a\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5b89\u304f\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u306f\u52d5\u753b\uff08\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u3001\u9332\u753b\u3001\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u4f1a\u8b70\uff09\u3088\u308a\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5b89\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u5168\u3066\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306f\u3001\u304b\u306a\u308a\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u3067\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u9060\u9694\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3092\u9664\u3044\u3066\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u6388\u696d\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u62e1\u5927\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308a\u3059\u304e\u3066\u5bfe\u9762\u6388\u696d\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\n\n\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u5bfe\u9762\u5f0f\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3092\u9664\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u958b\u767a\u3084\u914d\u4fe1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u904e\u53bb10\u5e74\u9593\u3067\u5287\u7684\u306b\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<ul>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u306a\u3069\u306e\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u5411\u3051\u306e\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u304c\u6025\u901f\u306b\u767a\u5c55\u3057\u3001\u5229\u7528\u8005\u304c\u4f4e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u6587\u5b57\u3001\u97f3\u58f0\u3001\u52d5\u753b\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3001\u9001\u4fe1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u30fb\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u5727\u7e2e\u6280\u8853\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5e2f\u57df\u5e45\u304c\u5927\u304d\u3044\u30d3\u30c7\u30aa\u3084\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u653e\u9001\u3067\u3082\u3001\u7121\u7dda\u3084\u56fa\u5b9a\u96fb\u8a71\u56de\u7dda\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u3001\u5b89\u4fa1\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\uff08\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u5148\u9032\u56fd\u3067\u306f\uff09\u9001\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3084\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u6539\u826f\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u4e00\u822c\u306e\u5229\u7528\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u914d\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u6559\u54e1\u3082\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u3082\u81ea\u7531\u306b\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u958b\u767a\u6e08\u307f\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u6559\u6750\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u6559\u80b2\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u91cf\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u3042\u308a\u304c\u305f\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u3082\u306f\u3084\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u9078\u629e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u5dee\u5225\u5316\u8981\u56e0\u306b\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6587\u3092\u984d\u9762\u3069\u304a\u308a\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3089\u308c\u308b\u65b9\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7ae0\u306e\u6b8b\u308a\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u8aad\u307f\u98db\u3070\u3057\u3066\u3082\u304b\u307e\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3054\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u30cb\u30fc\u30ba\u306b\u6700\u3082\u5408\u3063\u305f\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u3069\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3067\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u3064\u304d\u305d\u3046\u304b\u3001\u5fc3\u914d\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3060\u3051\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u3079\u304d\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u3082\u306f\u3084\u5bfe\u9762\u6388\u696d\u306f\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u65b9\u304c\u5b89\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u5206\u304b\u308a\u5207\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n\u3057\u304b\u3057\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u3067\u3082\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u3001\u6587\u8108\u3084\u8a2d\u8a08\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u4f55\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u304b\u3089\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4e3b\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u6642\u9593\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306f\u4f55\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u6587\u8108\u3084\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u5897\u52a0\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304f\u8981\u56e0\u306f\u4f55\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3092\u77e5\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u8981\u56e0\u306f\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u306e\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u767a\u9054\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u306b\u304f\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n\u6b8b\u5ff5\u306a\u304c\u3089\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u5229\u7528\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u306f\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u8981\u56e0\u304c\u5f71\u97ff\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u3082\u306e\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001Bates &amp; Sangr\u00e0, 2011\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u5897\u52a0\u8981\u56e0\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u6b21\u306b\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u304c\u5bfe\u9762\u5f0f\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u542b\u3080\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u304b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7c21\u7565\u7684\u306a\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u3092\u8868\u306e\u5f62\u3067\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8868\u306f\u8a66\u884c\u932f\u8aa4\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u5de5\u592b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u300c\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u5165\u9580\u300d\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\n<h1>8.4.2 \u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc<\/h1>\n\u6559\u80b2\u7528\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u306e\u5229\u7528\u3001\u7279\u306b\u30d6\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u578b\u5b66\u7fd2\u3084\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u5229\u7528\u306b\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3001\u4e3b\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3068\u304a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>8.4.2.1 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400\">\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u6559\u6750\u3092\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u958b\u767a\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3001\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u3068\u5354\u529b\u3059\u308b\u304b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u30d3\u30c7\u30aa\u30fb\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3084Web\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\u306a\u3069\u3001\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308b\u6559\u6750\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u306f\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306e\u6570\u306b\u5de6\u53f3\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u56fa\u5b9a\u8cbb\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u5236\u4f5c\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5909\u308f\u3063\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002Engle (2014) \u306f\u3001\u30d3\u30c7\u30aa\u5236\u4f5c\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u3042\u308b MOOC \u306e\u958b\u767a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\uff16\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u4fa1\u306a\u5236\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u5168\u3066\u3092\u30b9\u30bf\u30b8\u30aa\u3067\u5236\u4f5c\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u30ce\u30fc\u30c8\u30d1\u30bd\u30b3\u30f3\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u9332\u753b\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306e\uff16\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u3001\u3044\u3063\u305f\u3093\u5236\u4f5c\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u6570\u3068\u306f\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u958b\u767a\u304c\u9ad8\u4fa1\u306b\u306a\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308b\u307b\u3069\u3001\u5b66\u751f\uff11\u4eba\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u524a\u6e1b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u6570\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3059\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u308c\u3070\u5b66\u751f\u6570\u304c\u591a\u3044\u307b\u3069\u3001\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u304c\u4f55\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3001\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u306e\u5236\u4f5c\u7269\u304c\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u7406\u7531\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 MOOC \u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u7ba1\u7406\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u5c65\u4fee\u3059\u308b\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u307b\u307c\uff12\u500d\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\uff08University of Ottawa, 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\u306f\u4f8b\u5916\u3067\u3059\u3002MOOCs \u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u4fa1\u5024\u547d\u984c\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6559\u54e1\u3068\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u9593\u3067\u306e\u3084\u308a\u53d6\u308a\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u30bc\u30ed\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 MOOCs 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href=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/part\/chapter-8-pedagogical-differences-between-media\/\">\u7b2c\uff17\u7ae0<\/a>\u3092\u53c2\u7167\uff09\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u5229\u7528\u306f\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u8a2d\u8a08\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u304c\u5e83\u304f\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u305d\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306f\u5e83\u304c\u308a\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5354\u50cd\u5b66\u7fd2 (OCL)\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u5229\u7528\u578b\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u3001\u30a2\u30cb\u30e1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3001\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4eee\u60f3\u4e16\u754c\u3082\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30fb\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3082\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u7fa4\u306e\u4e2d\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\n\u56f38.4.3\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u4e0b\u3059\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u306b\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u8981\u56e0\u306e\u8907\u96d1\u3055\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u767a\u898b\u3092\u52a9\u3051\u308b\u624b\u6bb5\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u3053\u306e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u306e\uff11\u3064\u3068\u6349\u3048\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30fb\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3084\u6559\u6750\u306e\u30e1\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u30f3\u30b9\u306a\u3069\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u3082\u8ffd\u52a0\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u67a0\u5185\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u8a18\u53f7\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u7d4c\u9a13\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u306a\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u6307\u5c0e\u6cd5\u3092\u4e2d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u8981\u56e0\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u3044\u304b\u4f4e\u3044\u304b\u3067\u3001\u67a0\u5185\u306b\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u4ed8\u3051\u3092\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u8aad\u8005\u306e\u7686\u3055\u3093\u306f\u9055\u3063\u305f\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u4ed8\u3051\u3092\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\n<h2><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"26\"><\/a><\/h2>\n[caption id=\"attachment_28\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"563\"]<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/03\/Cost-drivers-2.jpg\"><img class=\"size-full wp-image-229\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Cost-drivers-2.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 8.4.4.1 Cost drivers for educational media\" width=\"563\" height=\"775\"><\/a> \u56f38.4.3 \u6559\u80b2\u7528\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u5897\u52a0\u8981\u56e0[\/caption]\n\n<a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"13\"><\/a>\n\n\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f\u6559\u6750\u3092\u958b\u767a\u3057\u3001\u914d\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u6642\u9593\u306f\u3001\u3069\u306e\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6559\u54e1\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u305d\u308c\u306f\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306b\u306f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u30d3\u30c7\u30aa\u6559\u6750\u3068\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u6750\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u826f\u8cea\u306e\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306f\u6559\u5ba4\u3067\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u6388\u696d\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u6e96\u5099\u6642\u9593\u304c\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u9577\u304f\u306a\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u305d\u306e\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u6570\u5e74\u9593\u3067\u3001\u3084\u308a\u53d6\u308a\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u6642\u9593\u306f\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u77ed\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u304c\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u8ab2\u984c\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3080\u6642\u9593\u304c\u9577\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u3068\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u3084\u308a\u53d6\u308a\u3092\u3059\u308b\u6642\u9593\u304c\u77ed\u304f\u306a\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u8a2d\u8a08\u306f\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u4e0a\u3067\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u8981\u7d20\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\n\u8981\u3059\u308b\u306b\u3001\u6307\u5c0e\u8005\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u304b\u3089\u8a00\u3046\u3068\u3001\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u8981\u56e0\u306f\u6642\u9593\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4f7f\u3046\u306e\u306b\u6642\u9593\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u4f7f\u3044\u3084\u3059\u304f\u6642\u9593\u3092\u7bc0\u7d04\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306f\u4f4e\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u3069\u306e\u304f\u3089\u3044\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3092\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306b\u8cbb\u3084\u3059\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306f\u3001\u3084\u306f\u308a\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e0a\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5de6\u53f3\u3055\u308c\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6559\u54e1\u3084\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u304c\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u7528\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u306f\u3001\u307e\u3059\u307e\u3059\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8981\u7d20\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n<h1>8.4.4 \u691c\u8a0e\u3059\u3079\u304d\u8ab2\u984c<\/h1>\n\u8fd1\u5e74\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u54e1\u306f\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u914d\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u8b1b\u7fa9\u9332\u753b\u306b\u95a2\u5fc3\u3092\u3082\u3064\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059 \u3002\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u3084\u9060\u9694\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u5b9f\u65bd\u304c\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u76ee\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u6a5f\u95a2\u3067\u306f\u7279\u306b\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5b66\u7fd2\u7ba1\u7406\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u4e0a\u3067\u4e3b\u306b\u6587\u5b57\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u6559\u6750\u3092\u518d\u8a2d\u8a08\u3057\u3066\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3088\u308a\u3082\u300c\u7c21\u5358\u300d\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u8b1b\u7fa9\u9332\u753b\u306f\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u6559\u5ba4\u3067\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u5bfe\u8c61\u5206\u91ce\u306b\u3088\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u306b\u306f\u8b1b\u7fa9\u9332\u753b\u306f\u5354\u50cd\u5b66\u7fd2\u3084\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30fb\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u3068\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u304b\u3089\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8b1b\u7fa9\u9332\u753b\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306f\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u7ba1\u7406\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3088\u308a\u3082\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u9ad8\u3044\u6280\u8853\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\n\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u306f\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u4f5c\u696d\u3084 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class=\"bcc-box bcc-info\">\n<h3>\u30a2\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d3\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc 8.4 \u4f7f\u3046\u3079\u304d\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\u969b\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/h3>\n<ol>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3084\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u6642\u9593\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u61f8\u5ff5\u306f\u3001\u3069\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u3082\u3057\u305d\u3046\u306a\u3089\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u9762\u3067\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3001\u8003\u3048\u306f\u5909\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u8b1b\u7fa9\u306e\u6e96\u5099\u306b\u3069\u306e\u304f\u3089\u3044\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3092\u304b\u3051\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u6642\u9593\u306f\u6559\u6750\u306e\u6e96\u5099\u306b\u4f7f\u3044\u3001\u8b1b\u7fa9\u306e\u6e96\u5099\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u3044\u305f\u6642\u9593\u3092\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u3068\u306e\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5bfe\u9762\u3067\u306e\u3084\u308a\u53d6\u308a\u306b\u4f7f\u3046\u65b9\u304c\u3088\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u3084\u958b\u767a\u306b\u969b\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30ca\u30eb\u30fb\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30ca\u30fc\u3084\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u652f\u63f4\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8cea\u554f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7b54\u3048\u306f\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306e\u52d5\u6a5f\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306a\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u6a5f\u4f1a\u304c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5168\u304f\u306a\u3044\u5e7c\u7a1a\u5712\u301c\u9ad8\u7b49\u5b66\u6821\uff08K-12\uff09\u306b\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3084\u8a2d\u8a08\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u3082\u3057\u4eee\u306b\u3042\u306a\u305f\u304c\u56f38.4.3\u306e\u67a0\u5185\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u79c1\u306e\u63d0\u6848\u3068\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u9055\u3044\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u56f38.4.3\u306b\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u5229\u7528\u306e\u4e2d\u306b e\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30ea\u30aa\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u5229\u7528\u306e\u4e0b\u306b\u6b21\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30fb\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3001\u30d6\u30ed\u30b0\u3001Wiki\u3001cMOOC\u3002\u958b\u767a\u3084\u914d\u4fe1\u306a\u3069\u306b\u5411\u3051\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u67a0\u306b\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a18\u5165\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u4ed6\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u898b\u89e3\u306b\u540c\u610f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u300c\u3082\u3057\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3060\u3051\u304c\u8003\u616e\u3059\u3079\u304d\u4e8b\u67c4\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001\u5bfe\u9762\u6388\u696d\u3092\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5b89\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u300d\u3053\u308c\u304c\u672c\u5f53\u3060\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u6388\u696d\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u4f55\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u5bfe\u9762\u6388\u696d\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8003\u616e\u306b\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h1>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h1>\nBates, A. (2005) <em>Technology, e-Learning and Distance Education<\/em> London\/New York: Routledge\n\nBates, A. and Sangr\u00e0, A. (2011) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.batesandsangra.ca\/\"><em>Managing Technology in Higher Education<\/em><\/a> San Francisco: Jossey-Bass\/John Wiley and Co\n\nEngle, W. (2014)\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/flexible-learning2015.sites.olt.ubc.ca\/files\/2015\/02\/MOOC-Report.pdf\"><em>UBC MOOC Pilot: Design and Delivery<\/em><\/a>\u00a0Vancouver BC: University of British Columbia\n\nH\u00fclsmann, T. (2000) <em>The Costs of Open Learning: A Handbook<\/em> Oldenburg: Bibliotheks- und Informationssytem der Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg\n\nH\u00fclsmann, T. (2003) Costs without camouflage: a cost analysis of Oldenburg University's \u00a0two graduate certificate programs offered \u00a0as part of the online Master of Distance Education (MDE): a case study, in Bernath, U. and Rubin, E., (eds.) <em>Reflections on Teaching in an Online Program: A Case Study<\/em> Oldenburg, Germany: Bibliothecks-und Informationssystem der Carl von Ossietsky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg\n\nRumble, G. (2001) The Cost and Costing of Networked Learning <em><a href=\"https:\/\/olj.onlinelearningconsortium.org\/index.php\/olj\/article\/view\/1880\">Journal of Asynchronous Learn<\/a><\/em><em><a href=\"https:\/\/olj.onlinelearningconsortium.org\/index.php\/olj\/article\/view\/1880\/711\">ing Networks<\/a><\/em>, Volume 5, Issue 2\n\nUniversity of Ottawa (2013)<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uottawa.ca\/vice-president-academic\/sites\/www.uottawa.ca.vice-president-academic\/files\/e-learning-working-group-report.pdf\">Report of the e-Learning W<\/a><\/em><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uottawa.ca\/vice-president-academic\/sites\/www.uottawa.ca.vice-president-academic\/files\/e-learning-working-group-report.pdf\">orking Group<\/a><\/em>\u00a0Ottawa ON: The University of Ottawa","rendered":"<h2><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"26\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg 755w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-300x10.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-65x2.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-225x8.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-350x12.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_28\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28\" style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/03\/MET-costs-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-228\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/MET-costs-2.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 8.4.1 Total cost of a fully online masters' course over 7 years (from Bates and Sangr\u00e0, 2011)\" width=\"460\" height=\"325\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/MET-costs-2.jpg 743w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/MET-costs-2-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/MET-costs-2-65x46.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/MET-costs-2-225x159.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/MET-costs-2-350x247.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-28\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"background-color: #ffffff\">\u56f38.4.1 :\u00a0 \uff17\u5e74\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u4fee\u58eb\u8ab2\u7a0b\u306e\u7dcf\u8cbb\u7528 (Bates and Sangr\u00e0, 2011\u3088\u308a)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"13\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg 755w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-300x5.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-65x1.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-225x4.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-350x6.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h1>8.4.1 \u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u9769\u547d<\/h1>\n<p>\u307b\u3093\u306e10\u5e74\u307b\u3069\u524d\u307e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u306e\u9078\u629e\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u5dee\u5225\u5316\u8981\u56e0\u3067\u3057\u305f (H\u00fclsmann, 2000, 2003; Rumble, 2001; Bates, 2005)\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u7684\u3067\u306f\u3001\u97f3\u58f0\uff08\u8b1b\u7fa9\u3001\u30e9\u30b8\u30aa\u3001\u9332\u97f3\uff09\u306f\u5370\u5237\u7269\u3088\u308a\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5b89\u304f\u3001\u5370\u5237\u7269\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u3088\u308a\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5b89\u304f\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u306f\u52d5\u753b\uff08\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u3001\u9332\u753b\u3001\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u4f1a\u8b70\uff09\u3088\u308a\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5b89\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u5168\u3066\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306f\u3001\u304b\u306a\u308a\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u3067\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u9060\u9694\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3092\u9664\u3044\u3066\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u6388\u696d\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u62e1\u5927\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308a\u3059\u304e\u3066\u5bfe\u9762\u6388\u696d\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u5bfe\u9762\u5f0f\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3092\u9664\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u958b\u767a\u3084\u914d\u4fe1\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u904e\u53bb10\u5e74\u9593\u3067\u5287\u7684\u306b\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u306a\u3069\u306e\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u5411\u3051\u306e\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u304c\u6025\u901f\u306b\u767a\u5c55\u3057\u3001\u5229\u7528\u8005\u304c\u4f4e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u6587\u5b57\u3001\u97f3\u58f0\u3001\u52d5\u753b\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3001\u9001\u4fe1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u30fb\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u5727\u7e2e\u6280\u8853\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5e2f\u57df\u5e45\u304c\u5927\u304d\u3044\u30d3\u30c7\u30aa\u3084\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u653e\u9001\u3067\u3082\u3001\u7121\u7dda\u3084\u56fa\u5b9a\u96fb\u8a71\u56de\u7dda\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u3001\u5b89\u4fa1\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\uff08\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u5148\u9032\u56fd\u3067\u306f\uff09\u9001\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3084\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u6539\u826f\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u4e00\u822c\u306e\u5229\u7528\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u914d\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u6559\u54e1\u3082\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u3082\u81ea\u7531\u306b\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u958b\u767a\u6e08\u307f\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u6559\u6750\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u6559\u80b2\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u91cf\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3042\u308a\u304c\u305f\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u3082\u306f\u3084\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u9078\u629e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u5dee\u5225\u5316\u8981\u56e0\u306b\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6587\u3092\u984d\u9762\u3069\u304a\u308a\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3089\u308c\u308b\u65b9\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7ae0\u306e\u6b8b\u308a\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u8aad\u307f\u98db\u3070\u3057\u3066\u3082\u304b\u307e\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3054\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u30cb\u30fc\u30ba\u306b\u6700\u3082\u5408\u3063\u305f\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u3069\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3067\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u3064\u304d\u305d\u3046\u304b\u3001\u5fc3\u914d\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3060\u3051\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u3079\u304d\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u3082\u306f\u3084\u5bfe\u9762\u6388\u696d\u306f\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u65b9\u304c\u5b89\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u5206\u304b\u308a\u5207\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u3067\u3082\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u3001\u6587\u8108\u3084\u8a2d\u8a08\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u4f55\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u304b\u3089\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4e3b\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u6642\u9593\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306f\u4f55\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u6587\u8108\u3084\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u5897\u52a0\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304f\u8981\u56e0\u306f\u4f55\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3092\u77e5\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u8981\u56e0\u306f\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u306e\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u767a\u9054\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u306b\u304f\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b8b\u5ff5\u306a\u304c\u3089\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u5229\u7528\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u306f\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u8981\u56e0\u304c\u5f71\u97ff\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u3082\u306e\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001Bates &amp; Sangr\u00e0, 2011\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u5897\u52a0\u8981\u56e0\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u6b21\u306b\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u304c\u5bfe\u9762\u5f0f\u6559\u80b2\u3092\u542b\u3080\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u304b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7c21\u7565\u7684\u306a\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u3092\u8868\u306e\u5f62\u3067\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8868\u306f\u8a66\u884c\u932f\u8aa4\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u5de5\u592b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u300c\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u5165\u9580\u300d\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>8.4.2 \u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc<\/h1>\n<p>\u6559\u80b2\u7528\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u306e\u5229\u7528\u3001\u7279\u306b\u30d6\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u578b\u5b66\u7fd2\u3084\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u5229\u7528\u306b\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3001\u4e3b\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3068\u304a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>8.4.2.1 \u958b\u767a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u958b\u767a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3068\u306f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3084\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u6559\u6750\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u305f\u308a\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002\u958b\u767a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u30b5\u30d6\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u5236\u4f5c\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\uff1a\u5b66\u7fd2\u7ba1\u7406\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3067\u30d3\u30c7\u30aa\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u30fb\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5236\u4f5c\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306f\u3001Web\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30ca\u30fc\u3084\u30aa\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30fb\u30d3\u30b8\u30e5\u30a2\u30eb\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30d5\u306e\u96c7\u7528\u6642\u9593\u3068\u3001Web\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3084\u30d3\u30c7\u30aa\u5236\u4f5c\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5168\u3066\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 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400\">\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u6559\u6750\u3092\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u958b\u767a\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3001\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u3068\u5354\u529b\u3059\u308b\u304b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u30d3\u30c7\u30aa\u30fb\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3084Web\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\u306a\u3069\u3001\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308b\u6559\u6750\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u306f\u3001\u53d7\u8b1b\u8005\u306e\u6570\u306b\u5de6\u53f3\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u56fa\u5b9a\u8cbb\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u5236\u4f5c\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5909\u308f\u3063\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002Engle (2014) \u306f\u3001\u30d3\u30c7\u30aa\u5236\u4f5c\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u3042\u308b MOOC \u306e\u958b\u767a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\uff16\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u4fa1\u306a\u5236\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u5168\u3066\u3092\u30b9\u30bf\u30b8\u30aa\u3067\u5236\u4f5c\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u30ce\u30fc\u30c8\u30d1\u30bd\u30b3\u30f3\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u9332\u753b\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306e\uff16\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u3001\u3044\u3063\u305f\u3093\u5236\u4f5c\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u6570\u3068\u306f\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u958b\u767a\u304c\u9ad8\u4fa1\u306b\u306a\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308b\u307b\u3069\u3001\u5b66\u751f\uff11\u4eba\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u524a\u6e1b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u6570\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3059\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u308c\u3070\u5b66\u751f\u6570\u304c\u591a\u3044\u307b\u3069\u3001\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u304c\u4f55\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3001\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u306e\u5236\u4f5c\u7269\u304c\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u7406\u7531\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 MOOC \u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u7ba1\u7406\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u5c65\u4fee\u3059\u308b\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u307b\u307c\uff12\u500d\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\uff08University of Ottawa, 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\u306f\u4f8b\u5916\u3067\u3059\u3002MOOCs \u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u4fa1\u5024\u547d\u984c\u306f\u3001MOOCs \u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6559\u54e1\u3068\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306e\u9593\u3067\u306e\u3084\u308a\u53d6\u308a\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u30bc\u30ed\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 MOOCs 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href=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/part\/chapter-8-pedagogical-differences-between-media\/\">\u7b2c\uff17\u7ae0<\/a>\u3092\u53c2\u7167\uff09\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u5229\u7528\u306f\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u8a2d\u8a08\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u304c\u5e83\u304f\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u305d\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306f\u5e83\u304c\u308a\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5354\u50cd\u5b66\u7fd2 (OCL)\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u5229\u7528\u578b\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u3001\u30a2\u30cb\u30e1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3001\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4eee\u60f3\u4e16\u754c\u3082\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30fb\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3082\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u7fa4\u306e\u4e2d\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56f38.4.3\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u4e0b\u3059\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u306b\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u8981\u56e0\u306e\u8907\u96d1\u3055\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u767a\u898b\u3092\u52a9\u3051\u308b\u624b\u6bb5\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u3053\u306e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u306e\uff11\u3064\u3068\u6349\u3048\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30fb\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3084\u6559\u6750\u306e\u30e1\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u30f3\u30b9\u306a\u3069\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u3082\u8ffd\u52a0\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u67a0\u5185\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u8a18\u53f7\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u7d4c\u9a13\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u306a\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u6307\u5c0e\u6cd5\u3092\u4e2d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u8981\u56e0\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u3044\u304b\u4f4e\u3044\u304b\u3067\u3001\u67a0\u5185\u306b\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u4ed8\u3051\u3092\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u8aad\u8005\u306e\u7686\u3055\u3093\u306f\u9055\u3063\u305f\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u4ed8\u3051\u3092\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-large-line.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"26\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line.jpg 755w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-300x10.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-65x2.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-225x8.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/Wei-large-line-350x12.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_28\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28\" style=\"width: 563px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/03\/Cost-drivers-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-229\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Cost-drivers-2.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 8.4.4.1 Cost drivers for educational media\" width=\"563\" height=\"775\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Cost-drivers-2.jpg 563w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Cost-drivers-2-218x300.jpg 218w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Cost-drivers-2-65x89.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Cost-drivers-2-225x310.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Cost-drivers-2-350x482.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 563px) 100vw, 563px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-28\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u56f38.4.3 \u6559\u80b2\u7528\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u5897\u52a0\u8981\u56e0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/teachinginadigitalage\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2015\/01\/Wei-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28\" src=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"755\" height=\"13\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2.jpg 755w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-300x5.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-65x1.jpg 65w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-225x4.jpg 225w, https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/Wei-2-350x6.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f\u6559\u6750\u3092\u958b\u767a\u3057\u3001\u914d\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u6642\u9593\u306f\u3001\u3069\u306e\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6559\u54e1\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u305d\u308c\u306f\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306b\u306f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u30d3\u30c7\u30aa\u6559\u6750\u3068\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u6750\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u826f\u8cea\u306e\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306f\u6559\u5ba4\u3067\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u6388\u696d\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u306e\u6e96\u5099\u6642\u9593\u304c\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u9577\u304f\u306a\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u305d\u306e\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u6570\u5e74\u9593\u3067\u3001\u3084\u308a\u53d6\u308a\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u6642\u9593\u306f\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u77ed\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u304c\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u8ab2\u984c\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3080\u6642\u9593\u304c\u9577\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u6559\u54e1\u3068\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u3084\u308a\u53d6\u308a\u3092\u3059\u308b\u6642\u9593\u304c\u77ed\u304f\u306a\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u8a2d\u8a08\u306f\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u4e0a\u3067\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u8981\u7d20\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u3059\u308b\u306b\u3001\u6307\u5c0e\u8005\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u304b\u3089\u8a00\u3046\u3068\u3001\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u8981\u56e0\u306f\u6642\u9593\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4f7f\u3046\u306e\u306b\u6642\u9593\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u4f7f\u3044\u3084\u3059\u304f\u6642\u9593\u3092\u7bc0\u7d04\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306f\u4f4e\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u6559\u54e1\u304c\u3069\u306e\u304f\u3089\u3044\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3092\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306b\u8cbb\u3084\u3059\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306f\u3001\u3084\u306f\u308a\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e0a\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5de6\u53f3\u3055\u308c\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6559\u54e1\u3084\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u304c\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u7528\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u306f\u3001\u307e\u3059\u307e\u3059\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8981\u7d20\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>8.4.4 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class=\"bcc-box bcc-info\">\n<h3>\u30a2\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d3\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc 8.4 \u4f7f\u3046\u3079\u304d\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\u969b\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3084\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u6642\u9593\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u61f8\u5ff5\u306f\u3001\u3069\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u3082\u3057\u305d\u3046\u306a\u3089\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u9762\u3067\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3001\u8003\u3048\u306f\u5909\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u8b1b\u7fa9\u306e\u6e96\u5099\u306b\u3069\u306e\u304f\u3089\u3044\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3092\u304b\u3051\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u6642\u9593\u306f\u6559\u6750\u306e\u6e96\u5099\u306b\u4f7f\u3044\u3001\u8b1b\u7fa9\u306e\u6e96\u5099\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u3044\u305f\u6642\u9593\u3092\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u3068\u306e\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5bfe\u9762\u3067\u306e\u3084\u308a\u53d6\u308a\u306b\u4f7f\u3046\u65b9\u304c\u3088\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 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style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u3082\u3057\u4eee\u306b\u3042\u306a\u305f\u304c\u56f38.4.3\u306e\u67a0\u5185\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u79c1\u306e\u63d0\u6848\u3068\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u9055\u3044\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u56f38.4.3\u306b\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u5229\u7528\u306e\u4e2d\u306b e\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30ea\u30aa\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u5229\u7528\u306e\u4e0b\u306b\u6b21\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30fb\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3001\u30d6\u30ed\u30b0\u3001Wiki\u3001cMOOC\u3002\u958b\u767a\u3084\u914d\u4fe1\u306a\u3069\u306b\u5411\u3051\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u67a0\u306b\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a18\u5165\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u4ed6\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u898b\u89e3\u306b\u540c\u610f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002\u300c\u3082\u3057\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3060\u3051\u304c\u8003\u616e\u3059\u3079\u304d\u4e8b\u67c4\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001\u5bfe\u9762\u6388\u696d\u3092\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u30aa\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5b89\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u300d\u3053\u308c\u304c\u672c\u5f53\u3060\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u6388\u696d\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u4f55\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u5bfe\u9762\u6388\u696d\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8003\u616e\u306b\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h1>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h1>\n<p>Bates, A. (2005) <em>Technology, e-Learning and Distance Education<\/em> London\/New York: Routledge<\/p>\n<p>Bates, A. and Sangr\u00e0, A. (2011) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.batesandsangra.ca\/\"><em>Managing Technology in Higher Education<\/em><\/a> San Francisco: Jossey-Bass\/John Wiley and Co<\/p>\n<p>Engle, W. (2014)\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/flexible-learning2015.sites.olt.ubc.ca\/files\/2015\/02\/MOOC-Report.pdf\"><em>UBC MOOC Pilot: Design and Delivery<\/em><\/a>\u00a0Vancouver BC: University of British Columbia<\/p>\n<p>H\u00fclsmann, T. (2000) <em>The Costs of Open Learning: A Handbook<\/em> Oldenburg: Bibliotheks- und Informationssytem der Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg<\/p>\n<p>H\u00fclsmann, T. (2003) Costs without camouflage: a cost analysis of Oldenburg University&#8217;s \u00a0two graduate certificate programs offered \u00a0as part of the online Master of Distance Education (MDE): a case study, in Bernath, U. and Rubin, E., (eds.) <em>Reflections on Teaching in an Online Program: A Case Study<\/em> Oldenburg, Germany: Bibliothecks-und Informationssystem der Carl von Ossietsky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg<\/p>\n<p>Rumble, G. (2001) The Cost and Costing of Networked Learning <em><a href=\"https:\/\/olj.onlinelearningconsortium.org\/index.php\/olj\/article\/view\/1880\">Journal of Asynchronous Learn<\/a><\/em><em><a href=\"https:\/\/olj.onlinelearningconsortium.org\/index.php\/olj\/article\/view\/1880\/711\">ing Networks<\/a><\/em>, Volume 5, Issue 2<\/p>\n<p>University of Ottawa (2013)<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uottawa.ca\/vice-president-academic\/sites\/www.uottawa.ca.vice-president-academic\/files\/e-learning-working-group-report.pdf\">Report of the e-Learning W<\/a><\/em><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uottawa.ca\/vice-president-academic\/sites\/www.uottawa.ca.vice-president-academic\/files\/e-learning-working-group-report.pdf\">orking Group<\/a><\/em>\u00a0Ottawa ON: The University of Ottawa<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-230","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":218,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":231,"href":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/230\/revisions\/231"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/218"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/230\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=230"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=230"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/openstudio.pub\/teachinginadigitalagev1jpn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}